The practice of yoga and the use of its components (relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness) can be useful adjuncts in substance abuse treatment. As a primary treatment of substance abuse, yoga and its components achieve low success to mixed results. In contrast, these approaches have been applied more successfully to comorbid conditions, especially depression with low to moderate success and to a lesser extent, anxiety. The practice of yoga may be especially effective in the management of chronic pain for individuals who abuse alcohol or opiates because it focuses on psychological and physical characteristics. Yoga has demonstrated moderate success in treating chronic pain as it provides an alternative coping strategy for these individuals. It is important to note that these conclusions are based on limited data with a need for more controlled research.