Relaxor
antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramic capacitors have drawn growing
attention in future advanced pulsed power devices for their superior
energy storage performance. However, state of the art dielectric materials
are restricted by desirable comprehensive energy-storage features,
which have become a longstanding hurdle for actual capacitor applications.
Here, we report that a large energy density W
rec of 5.52 J/cm3, high efficiency η of 83.3%
at 560 kV/cm, high power density P
D of
114.8 MW/cm3, ultrafast discharge rate t
0.9 of 45 ns, and remarkable stability against temperature
(30–140 °C)/frequency (5–200 Hz)/cycles (1–105) are simultaneously achieved in 0.7 NaNbO3-0.3
CaTiO3 relaxor AFE ceramics via the synergy of stabilized
AFE R phase and domain engineering in combination with breakdown strength
enhancement. The structural origin for these achievements is disclosed
by probing the in situ microstructure evolution by
means of the first-order reversal curve method, piezoelectric force
microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The highly dynamic polar nanoregions
and stabilized AFE R phase synergistically generate a linear-like
and highly stable polarization field response over a wide temperature
and field scope with concurrently improved energy density and efficiency.
This work offers a new solution for designing high-performance next-generation
pulsed power capacitors.