Release of bisphenols from can coatings into canned beer in China market

Abstract

The present results provide some guidance to reduce the migration of bisphenols during the transport and storage of canned foods.

Are Canned Beverages Industries Progressively Switching to Bisphenol AF?

“…These values are comparable to those reported in three studies performed in Spain in (Cacho, Campillo, Vinas, & Hernandez-Cordoba, 2012Gallart-Ayala et al, 2011). Xie et al (2015) analyzed 24 canned beers marketed in China, detecting an average concentration of BPA and BADGE of 2.85 ± 0.79 and 0.38 ± 0.19 ng/mL, respectively. Our investigation resulted in BPA values lower than other studies, BADGE concentration values quite higher than other research, but BPAF values higher up to 283.53 ng/mL.…”

“…Xie et al. () analyzed 24 canned beers marketed in China, detecting an average concentration of BPA and BADGE of 2.85 ± 0.79 and 0.38 ± 0.19 ng/mL, respectively. Our investigation resulted in BPA values lower than other studies, BADGE concentration values quite higher than other research, but BPAF values higher up to 283.53 ng/mL.…”

An overview of chemical contaminants and other undesirable chemicals in alcoholic beverages and strategies for analysis

“…QuEChERS or modified QuEChERS are also employed for analyzing agricultural contaminants and acrylamide in beer and wine (Bogdanova et al., 2018; He et al., 2019), as well as techniques such as dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) for phthalates in wine (Fan, Liu, & Xie, 2014). Direct injection or injection after minimal preparation is also possible and has been done in beer, wine, and liquors, for multiple contaminant types (Akıllıoglu et al., 2011; Barbaste, Medina, & Perez‐Trujillo, 2003; Masson et al., 2012; Nagatomi et al., 2012; Pereira et al., 2011; Rejczak & Tuzimski, 2017; Shimizu et al., 2001; Stachova et al., 2016; Stärker & Welle, 2019; Xie et al., 2015). For the analysis of mycotoxins in beer or wine, immunoaffinity columns can be used for cleanup (Bryła, Ksieniewicz‐Woźniak, Waśkiewicz, Szymczyk, & Jędrzejczak, 2018; Di Stefano et al., 2015; Mably et al., 2005; Nigussie, Bekele, Fekadu Gemede, & Zewdu Woldegiorgis, 2018).…”

“…LC is often coupled with MS (He et al., 2019; Klejdus et al., 2006; Sagratini et al., 2008), but may also utilize other detectors such as diode array detectors (DAD) (Fan et al., 2014; Stachova et al., 2016) or fluorescence detectors (García‐Falcón & Simal‐Gándara, 2005); this has largely been seen for mycotoxin analysis in beer and wines (Bryła et al., 2018; Di Stefano et al., 2015; Mably et al., 2005; Nigussie et al., 2018; Nistor et al., 2017), and has also been used for HMF and related compounds (Akıllıoglu et al., 2011; Masson et al., 2012; Pereira et al., 2011; Shimizu et al., 2001), migration contaminants (Fan et al., 2014; Xie et al., 2015), and colorants (Rejczak & Tuzimski, 2017; Stachova et al., 2016). For pesticides, nitrogen–phosphorus detectors (NPD) can be used, which has been demonstrated in wine (Cabras et al., 1999; Słowik‐Borowiec & Szpyrka, 2018).…”

“…(2008) also reported presence of photoinitiator compounds, isopropyl‐thioxanthone and benzophenone, in red and white wine products, and postulated that it may be due to their use on the external surface of packaging or in the production of PE films and the subsequent migration of these compounds upon contact. BPA and other bisphenols have been detected in beers and there is evidence suggesting migration of compounds from the epoxy layer of cans to the beverage within (Cao, Corriveau, & Popovic, 2010; Xie et al., 2015), though others refute these findings and claim that the can linings are largely stable under normal storage conditions (Stärker & Welle, 2019). Glass materials may also be a contributor as it has been reported that glass enamels may contain trace metals such as lead and cadmium; however, this should pose a minor risk as such materials are often on the exterior surface, and should not be able to traverse the glass layer (Turner, 2018, 2019).…”