“…A first way to introduce them could be to consider the heterogeneous application fields tackled, which range from dim target detection from ground-based Earth Observation (EO) or sea vessel-mounted sensors [ 1 , 2 ], to the automatic tracking of humans [ 3 – 6 ], animals [ 7 ] and military vehicle [ 8 , 9 ] targets to semantic annotation of video sequences [ 10 ]. Another interesting point of view that could be adopted relates to the specific issues of detection and tracking in FLIR imagery that are actually addressed by the reported techniques: image registration [ 11 ], target representation and recognition [ 3 , 7 – 9 ], occlusion handling [ 4 , 6 ], multi-target association [ 10 ], clutter removal [ 1 , 2 ] and latency reduction [ 5 ]. Lastly, an interesting perspective is obtained by considering whether the various works propose new algorithms specifically designed to cope with the peculiarities of FLIR imagery [ 2 , 3 , 5 – 7 ], adapt or combine well-known techniques (like sparse coding, particle filtering, etc. )…”