Relevance of Leptin and Other Adipokines in Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Risk

Landecho, Manuel F.; Tuero, Carlota; Valentí, Víctor; Bilbao, I.; Higuera, Magdalena de la; Frühbeck, Gema

doi:10.3390/nu11112664

Cited by 236 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…These gender differences in the association between PMA and obesity have already been proposed 19 but, to the best of our knowledge, gender-specific factors have not been evaluated in detail previously. These results are consistent with the proposed mechanisms underlying the development of obesity-dependent organ damage that includes adipose tissue inflammation, together with an altered secretion of adipokines, 20,21 and with the gender-specific exercise physiology. While males are prone to use carbohydrate and amino acids during prolonged physical activity, females use predominantly fat to fuel endurance exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Unravelling gender‐specific factors that link obesity to albuminuria

Landecho

Alegría‐Murillo

López–Fidalgo

et al. 2020

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background: Obesity is a major public health problem, which continues to be diagnosed and classified by BMI, excluding the most elemental concepts of the precision medicine approach. Obesity does not equally affect males and females, even with the same BMI. Microalbuminuria is a risk marker of cardiovascular disease closely related to obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gender-dependent differences in the development of early obesity-related disease, focusing on pathologic microalbuminuria (PMA). Material and methods: We developed a single-centre cross-sectional study including 1068 consecutive adults from May 2016 to January 2018, divided into two groups: one including the first 787 patients attended, evaluated as a description population; the second group included 281 subjects analysed as an external validation population. Collected data included medical history, anthropometric measures, abdominal bioimpedance and routine laboratory tests. Results: First, we confirmed the lack of accuracy of classic obesity measures in predicting microalbuminuria. Second, we tested the utility of a tailored evaluation to predict PMA, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.78 for females and 0.82 for males. We also confirmed the different physiology of visceral adiposity for males when compared to females, in which small variations of fat mass entail major changes in the clinical repercussion. Third, we performed an external validation of our results, achieving a 77% accuracy rate. Conclusions: Our findings support that there is an individual threshold of fat amount necessary to develop obesity-dependent PMA and that gender plays a major role in the interplay between PMA and adiposity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Unravelling gender‐specific factors that link obesity to albuminuria

Landecho

Alegría‐Murillo

López–Fidalgo

et al. 2020

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Adipose tissue secretions from the different fat depots can reach cardiovascular sites, such as the heart or arteries, and regulate their biology in an endocrine manner. In particular, adipose depots located in the cardiovascular system, like perivascular and epicardial adipose tissues, can exert direct effects on the adjacent vascular wall or myocardium, respectively, through the paracrine release of adipokines, which can also reach the lumen of the adjacent blood vessels and travel downstream, affecting the vascular tone, inflammation, endothelial function, or vascular redox state of the entire vascular beds in a vasocrine manner [ 14 ].…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Cvdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases

Feijóo‐Bandín

Aragón-Herrera

Moraña-Fernández

et al. 2020

IJMS

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It is well established that adipose tissue, apart from its energy storage function, acts as an endocrine organ that produces and secretes a number of bioactive substances, including hormones commonly known as adipokines. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, mainly due to a low grade of inflammation and the excessive fat accumulation produced in this state. The adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity leads to an aberrant release of adipokines, some of them with direct cardiovascular and inflammatory regulatory functions. Inflammation is a common link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases, so this review will summarise the role of the main adipokines implicated in the regulation of the inflammatory processes occurring under the scenario of cardiovascular diseases.

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“…In both genders waist circumference has been reported to have a tight association with sleep disturbance [18]. This is because visceral adipose tissue is the main source of pro-in ammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α that, beyond chronic low-grade in ammation [19,20], could have a role in sleep regulation such that they are called 'sleep-regulatory substances' [21,22]. Quarantine was also associated with a change of working modalities in most of the people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Sars-Cov-2 threaten our dreams? Effect of Quarantine on Sleep Quality and Body Mass Index

Barrea

Pugliese

Framondi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: COVID 19- related quarantine led to a sudden and radical lifestyle changes, in particular in eating habits. Objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of quarantine on sleep quality (SQ) and body mass index (BMI), and if change in SQ was related to working modalities.Materials: We enrolled 121 adults (age 44.9±13.3 years and 35.5% males). Anthropometric parameters, working modalities and physical activity were studied. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. At baseline, the enrolled subjects were assessed in outpatient clinic and after 40 days of quarantine/lockdown by phone interview. Results: Overall, 49.6% of the subjects were good sleepers (PSQI < 5) at the baseline and significantly decreased after quarantine (p<0.001). In detail, sleep onset latency (p<0.001), sleep efficiency (p=0.03), sleep disturbances (p<0.001), and daytime dysfunction (p<0.001) significantly worsened. There was also a significant increase in BMI values in normal weight (p=0.023), in subjects grade I (p=0.027) and II obesity (p=0.020). In all cohort, physical activity was significantly decreased (p=0.004). However, analyzing the data according gender difference, males significantly decreased physical activity as well as females in which there was only a trend without reaching statistical significance (53.5% vs 25.6%; p=0.015 and 50.0% vs 35.9%, p=0.106; in males and females, respectively). In addition, smart working activity resulted in a significant worsening of SQ, particularly in males (p<0.001). Conclusions: Quarantine was associated to a worsening of SQ, particularly in males doing smart working, and to an increase in BMI values.

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Relevance of Leptin and Other Adipokines in Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Risk

Cited by 236 publications

References 110 publications

Unravelling gender‐specific factors that link obesity to albuminuria

Unravelling gender‐specific factors that link obesity to albuminuria

Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases

Does Sars-Cov-2 threaten our dreams? Effect of Quarantine on Sleep Quality and Body Mass Index

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