Relevance of Plasma Obestatin and Early Arteriosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

We investigated the correlation between obestatin and metabolic parameters and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We collected 103 patients aged from 60 to 83 years (69.26 ± 5.83 years) form January, 2007 to May, 2009. All patients were divided into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and T2DM according to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We found that higher levels of fasting insulin (Fins), fasting blood glucose, 2 h OGTT glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as lower obestatin level and higher intima-media thickness level (IMT), existed in T2DM group compared with NGT group and IGT group (P < 0.01). Also, obestatin level was independently associated with HOMA-IR and CRP, while IMT level was independently associated with HOMA-IR, triglyceride, Fins, and obestatin (P < 0.01), based on stepwise multiple regression analysis. Therefore, we deduced that the low level of plasma obestatin might be related to early arteriosclerosis in patients with T2DM via increasing IMT level, and elevated plasma obestatin levels might protect T2DM patients against carotid atherosclerosis to some extent.

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 a potential major player connecting atherosclerosis and osteoporosis in high fat diet fed rats

“…Estimation of serum level of NO through the Double Antibody Sandwich Technique [25]. Estimation of MMP-9 protein expression in Aorta and tibia tissue samples using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kits (Elabscience Biotechnology Co Ltd, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Obestatin as a key regulator of metabolism and cardiovascular function with emerging therapeutic potential for diabetes

“…Similar to the physiological situation, the data have been somewhat inconsistent (likely due to the reasons previously discussed), although it seems that obestatin levels are generally altered in diabetes and obesity. For example, decreased circulating obestatin has been documented in overweight/obese patients and those with impaired glucose control, metabolic syndrome, T2DM and insulin resistance (Anderwald‐Stadler et al ., ; Qi et al ., ; Fontenot et al ., ; Guo et al ., ; Gao et al ., ; Huda et al ., ; Nakahara et al ., ; Zou et al ., ; Beasley et al ., ; Cui et al ., ; Shen et al ., ; Gu et al ., ; Wang et al ., ). Inverse correlations between circulating obestatin and body mass index, insulin, glucose, leptin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and glycated haemoglobin have also been reported (Lippl et al ., ; Nakahara et al ., ; Gu et al ., ; Shen et al ., ; Wang et al ., ), with reduced numbers of obestatin‐positive cells evident in the gastric mucosa of overweight/obese subjects with abdominal obesity (Gao et al ., ).…”

Serum Levels of Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 and Obestatin in Iranian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Normal Body Mass Index

“…Previous studies have shown that the effects of obestatin on appetite, food intake and gastric secretions is opposite to ghrelin [ 21 , 22 ]. Obestatin has been identified as a hormone associated with insulin resistance that suppresses food reabsorption, inhibits gastric emptying and decreases weight gain [ 23 , 24 ]. However, the true role of obestatin in the mechanism of obesity has not been fully determined yet; in some animal studies, it was found that obestatin unlike ghrelin may provide a new target for the control of obesity [ 25 , 26 ].…”