Relevance of the determination of ovarian volume in adolescent girls with menstrual disorders

Herter, Liliane Diefenthaeler; Magalhães, José Antônio de Azevedo; Spritzer, Poli Mara

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0096(199606)24:5<243::aid-jcu3>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, a precise follicular count may require transvaginal ovarian sonography, a methodology that is often not possible in young girls. Thus, it has been suggested that increased ovarian size may be of more use in the diagnosis of polycystic ovaries in adolescent girls (7). However, ovarian size is larger during adolescence than adulthood (8), and its progressive reduction with gynecologic age (9, 10) complicates its use for diagnosing polycystic ovaries.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

Ovarian volume in normal and hyperandrogenic adolescent women

Fruzzetti

Campagna

Perini

et al. 2015

Fertility and Sterility

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After the first 2 years from menarche, the thresholds for increased ovarian size are similar to those used among adults. During first 2 years from menarche, ovarian size is larger, and differentiation between normal or increased ovarian sizes may be more difficult. In hyperandrogenic adolescent patients, the prevalence of increased ovarian size is relatively low (ranging from 35% to 50% during the different periods of adolescence). In these patients, increased ovarian size may have low sensitivity as a criterion for the diagnosis of possible polycystic ovary syndrome.

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supporting

confidence: 81%

Ovarian volume in normal and hyperandrogenic adolescent women

Fruzzetti

Campagna

Perini

et al. 2015

Fertility and Sterility

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“…Twenty patients were diagnosed as having PCOS and 13 as having IH. The diagnosis of PCOS was based on the physical features of hyperandrogenism, disturbed menstrual cycles, elevated serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels or LH/ follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, increased levels of total testosterone and/or free androgen index (FAI), ultrasound evidence of bilateral enlarged polycystic ovaries (25,26), and absence of ovarian or adrenal neoplasm or Cushing's syndrome. IH was diagnosed as previously described (27) in hirsute patients with regular ovulatory cycles (luteal phase progesterone levels higher than 3.8 ng/ml), normal androgen levels, and without any known underlying disease.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The 5alpha-reductase type 1, but not type 2, gene is expressed in anagen hairs plucked from the vertex area of the scalp of hirsute women and normal individuals

Oliveira

Lhullier

Brum

et al. 2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of the genes for type 1 (SDR5A1) and type 2 (SDR5A2) 5α-reductase isoenzymes in scalp hairs plucked from 33 hirsute patients (20 with polycystic ovary syndrome and 13 with idiopathic hirsutism) and compare it with that of 10 men and 15 normal women. SDR5A1 and SDR5A2 expression was estimated by RT-PCR using the gene of the ubiquitously expressed protein ß 2 -microglobulin as an internal control. The results are expressed as arbitrary units in relation to ß 2 -microglobulin absorbance (mean ± SEM). SDR5A2 expression was not detected in any hair samples analyzed in this study. No differences were found in SDR5A1 mRNA levels between men and normal women (0.78 ± 0.05 vs 0.74 ± 0.06, respectively). SDR5A1 gene expression in the cells of hair plucked from the scalp of normal women (0.85 ± 0.04) and of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (0.78 ± 0.05) and idiopathic hirsutism (0.80 ± 0.06) was also similar. These results indicate that SDR5A1 gene expression in the follicular keratinocytes from the vertex area of the scalp seems not to be related to the differences in hair growth observed between normal men and women and hirsute patients. Further studies are needed to investigate the expression of the 5α-reductase genes in other scalp follicular compartments such as dermal papillae, and also in hair follicles from other body sites, in order to elucidate the mechanism of androgen action on the hair growth process and related diseases.

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“…We showed that the NZO mice had an increased ovarian size, particularly at the young age. This is a well-known morphological characteristic of women with infertility associated with polycystic ovaries and has been shown to correlate with serum insulin and IR markers and with ovarian blood flow (Herter et al 1996, Carmina et al 2005. We also found a significant positive correlation between plasma insulin levels and ovarian size in the mice studied in our experiments (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Zealand obese mouse model of obesity insulin resistance and poor breeding performance: evaluation of ovarian structure and function

Radavelli-Bagatini

Blair²,

Proietto³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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Infertility, associated with oligo/anovulation, increased ovarian volume, numerous follicular cysts, and metabolic disturbances such as obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are characteristics common to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Here, we show that New Zealand obese (NZO) mice display similar metabolic characteristics such as obesity, leptin insensitivity, glucose intolerance, and IR. Importantly, NZO mice are poor breeders; however, the mechanism for this has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the ovarian structure/morphology and sex hormone levels in female NZO and lean C57BL/6J control mice. Twenty-five NZO and twenty female control mice were studied at three different ages (young, adult, and aged). The animals were weighed, an insulin tolerance test was carried out, and blood was collected for measurement of hormone levels. The ovaries were removed for histological analysis. As expected, NZO mice presented higher body weights (PZ0 . 001), increased basal plasma glucose (PZ0 . 007), and insulin levels (PZ0 . 001) as well as IR, compared with control mice. NZO mice showed an increased ovarian volume, reduced numbers of corpora lutea, and higher total follicle numbers (PZ0 . 0001). The number of primordial follicles increased (PZ0 . 02) at the young stage, as well as the amount of atretic follicles (PZ0 . 03), in NZO compared with control mice. NZO mice also displayed reduced plasma LH and increased estradiol levels. In conclusion, NZO mice show a poor breeding performance due to decreased ovulation, increased number of primordial and atretic follicles, and ovarian size. Given that NZO mice are obese, hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant, they are suitable for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms linking metabolic alterations with reproductive defects.

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Relevance of the determination of ovarian volume in adolescent girls with menstrual disorders

Cited by 31 publications

References 26 publications

Ovarian volume in normal and hyperandrogenic adolescent women

Ovarian volume in normal and hyperandrogenic adolescent women

The 5alpha-reductase type 1, but not type 2, gene is expressed in anagen hairs plucked from the vertex area of the scalp of hirsute women and normal individuals

The New Zealand obese mouse model of obesity insulin resistance and poor breeding performance: evaluation of ovarian structure and function

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