Reliability and Normative Reference Values for the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Tool in Youth Athletes

Moran, Ryan; Covassin, Tracey; Elbin, R.J.; Gould, Dan; Nogle, Sally

doi:10.1177/0363546518756979

Cited by 72 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While the King–Devick test (KDT) more commonly measures reading speed and language production, it also includes an evaluation of saccades; however, this test does not examine other eye movements often impaired after TBI [31,39,42]. VOMS provides a more complete assessment of eye movements to help clinicians evaluate vestibular and ocular abnormalities after concussion [43]. The VOMS tests saccades, smooth pursuits, fixations, convergence and the vestibular–ocular reflex [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal and vertical self-paced saccades as a diagnostic marker of traumatic brain injury

Hunfalvay¹,

Roberts

Murray

et al. 2019

Concussion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: Eye tracking tests to measure horizontal and vertical saccades as a proxy for neural deficits associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were evaluated in the present study. Methodology: A total of 287 participants reporting either no TBI, mild, moderate or severe TBI participated in a suite of eye tracking tests to measure horizontal and vertical saccadic performance. Results: The horizontal saccades test offered a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.78, similarly the vertical saccades tests offered a sensitivity of 0.64 and a specificity of 0.65. Conclusion: The results indicated that using eye-tracking technology to measure these metrics offers an objective, reliable and quantifiable way of differentiating between individuals with different severities of TBI, and those without a TBI.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal and vertical self-paced saccades as a diagnostic marker of traumatic brain injury

Hunfalvay¹,

Roberts

Murray

et al. 2019

Concussion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…VOMS scores are typically deemed abnormal if there is a symptom severity score change ≥2 from pretest baseline in any symptom domain, as well as an increase in linear NPC ≥5 cm after an SRC. 32,34,44,45 In the current study, individual postexacerbation symptom severity scores for each VOMS symptom component were summed, and the total VOMS score was the sum of all symptom components, which equated to a maximum possible score of 280 (10-point symptom × 7 components × 4 symptom domains). This VOMS total score was not adjusted for one’s pretest/pre-exacerbation performance and did not include NPC distance measurements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Accuracy of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 and Vestibular/Ocular-Motor Screening, Individually and In Combination: A National Collegiate Athletic Association–Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research and Education Consortium Analysis

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Vestibular and ocular symptoms in sport-related concussions are common. The Vestibular/Ocular-Motor Screening (VOMS) tool is a rapid, free, pen-and-paper tool that directly assesses these symptoms and shows consistent utility in concussion identification, prognosis, and management. However, a VOMS validation study in the acute concussion period of a large sample is lacking. Purpose: To examine VOMS validity among collegiate student-athletes, concussed and nonconcussed, from the multisite National Collegiate Athletic Association–Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium. A secondary aim was to utilize multidimensional machine learning pattern classifiers to deduce the additive power of the VOMS in relation to components of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3). Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Preseason and acute concussion assessments were analyzed for 419 student-athletes. Variables in the analysis included the VOMS, Balance Error Scoring System, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, and SCAT3 symptom evaluation score. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all tools, including Kolmogorov-Smirnov significance and Cohen d effect size. Correlations between tools were analyzed with Spearman r, and predictive accuracy was evaluated through an Ada Boosted Tree machine learning model’s generated receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: Total VOMS scores and SCAT3 symptom scores demonstrated significant increases in the acute concussion time frame (Cohen d = 1.23 and 1.06; P < .0001), whereas the Balance Error Scoring System lacked clinical significance (Cohen d = 0.17). Incorporation of VOMS into the full SCAT3 significantly boosted overall diagnostic ability by 4.4% to an area under the curve of 0.848 ( P < .0001) and produced a 9% improvement in test sensitivity over the existing SCAT3 battery. Conclusion: The results from this study highlight the relevance of the vestibular and oculomotor systems to concussion and the utility of the VOMS tool. Given the 3.8 million sports-related and 45,121 military-related concussions per year, the addition of VOMS to the SCAT3 is poised to identify up to an additional 304,000 athletes and 3610 servicemembers annually who are concussed, thereby improving concussion assessment and diagnostic rates. Health care providers should consider the addition of VOMS to their concussion assessment toolkits, as its use can positively affect assessment and management of concussions, which may ultimately improve outcomes for this complex and common injury.

show abstract

“…The most sensitive categories of this assessment are the near point convergence (5 cm), vestibular ocular reflex (more than two symptoms), and visual motion sensitivity (more than two symptoms). 56,59 The VOMS, however, subjectively assesses these domains by self-reporting symptoms upon provocation. The deficits observed using more direct methods for rapid eye movements are more functionally based.…”

Section: Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Assessments of Balance in Adults with Concussion: An Update

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Postural instability is a cardinal indicator of concussion. Assessments of the postural control system range from clinical to laboratory tests that assess the balance of the individual. In a previous article regarding clinical assessment of balance in adults with concussion, we reviewed the importance of balance as a component in concussion evaluations. The purpose of this review article is to update the information previously published in 2014. Since 2014, research has provided evidence for the incorporation of dynamic methods for evaluating balance postconcussion with particular emphasis on sensory system integration and dual tasking. Therefore, this review will examine the current state of knowledge on how concussion injuries affect postural control, advancements in evaluating balance postconcussion, such as novel eye-tracking techniques, and current recommendations for best practices for balance assessment.

show abstract

Reliability and Normative Reference Values for the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Tool in Youth Athletes

Abstract: The current findings provide preliminary support for the implementation of VOMS baseline assessment into clinical practice, due to a high internal consistency, strong relationships between VOMS items, and a low false-positive rate at baseline in youth athletes.

Cited by 72 publications

References 23 publications

Horizontal and vertical self-paced saccades as a diagnostic marker of traumatic brain injury

Horizontal and vertical self-paced saccades as a diagnostic marker of traumatic brain injury

Predictive Accuracy of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 and Vestibular/Ocular-Motor Screening, Individually and In Combination: A National Collegiate Athletic Association–Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research and Education Consortium Analysis

Clinical Assessments of Balance in Adults with Concussion: An Update

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About