Reliability and practicability of the straight leg raise test in children with cerebral palsy

Marsico, Petra; Tal-Akabi, Amir; Hedel, Hubertus J. A. van

doi:10.1111/dmcn.12797

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Kreiner highlights the specificity of the SLR test, particularly for patients with nerve root compression requiring surgery. The SLR test can also identify restrictions in the mobility of the sciatic nerve (25). However, determining a standard range for normal SLR is challenging due to variability in intra-individual limb range and demographic factors (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seated Straight Leg Raise Test; Sensitivity & Specificity in Patients with Disc Herniation at Lumbosacral Interface Using MRI as A Gold Standard

Bashir,

Mehmood,

Ahmed Mukhtar Patafi

et al. 2023

JHRR

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Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) at the L5-S1 level is a prevalent condition, often leading to lower back pain and sciatica. Diagnosing this condition accurately is crucial for effective treatment. The Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test, particularly in its seated variation, has been a subject of interest in clinical diagnostics due to its non-invasive nature and ease of administration. Objective: The study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the seated SLR test in identifying lumbar disc herniation at the L5-S1 level, comparing its results with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings. Methods: Conducted over one year, this validation study involved 117 patients at two hospitals in Bahawalpur. The age range of participants was 20 to 50 years, with an even distribution across three age groups. Both male and female patients experiencing low back pain radiating beyond the knee were included. The seated SLR test was administered in a standard manner, and pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). MRI was used as the gold standard for diagnosis. The study calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and test accuracy using a 2 x 2 contingency table. Results: The mean age of participants was 39.67±9.47 years. Gender distribution showed a female predominance with 68 females (58.2%) and 49 males (41.8%). Pain assessment revealed unilateral pain in most cases. The seated SLR test's sensitivity was found to be 48.8%, and specificity was 68.6%. The test’s accuracy stood at 51.2%, with a PPV of 78.2% and an NPV of 27.4%. Conclusion: The seated SLR test demonstrates moderate effectiveness in diagnosing lumbar disc herniation at the L5-S1 level. While it is more effective in confirming the diagnosis, its ability to exclude the condition is limited. This suggests the need for supplementary diagnostic methods in conjunction with the seated SLR test for a comprehensive evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seated Straight Leg Raise Test; Sensitivity & Specificity in Patients with Disc Herniation at Lumbosacral Interface Using MRI as A Gold Standard

Bashir,

Mehmood,

Ahmed Mukhtar Patafi

et al. 2023

JHRR

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“…Further, no norms for neurodynamic functions have been defined in healthy children and youth groups. A few years ago, the reliability of the SLR test was assessed in a group of children with cerebral palsy [20]. Other studies have shown a higher intensity of the sensory response rate in the examination using the long sitting slump (LSS) test in children aged 6-12 years with a migraine or cervicogenic headaches than their healthy peers [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few studies revealed that a limited range of motion in the SLR test might also be applied during the period of childrens' growth [9]. The SLR test was also used in a study of children with cerebral palsy [20]. In addition, the modified long sitting slump test was applied to examine children with headaches compared to healthy controls [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodynamic Functions and Their Correlations with Postural Parameters in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis

Stępień

Pałdyna²

2022

JCM

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Knowledge about neurodynamic functions of the nervous system (NS) in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is limited. This study aimed to assess the mechanosensitivity of the NS structures (MNS) in adolescents with IS. The study included 69 adolescents with IS and 57 healthy peers aged 10–15 years. The Upper Limb Neurodynamic Test 1 (ULNT1), straight leg raise (SLR) test, and slump test (SLUMP) were used to assess MNS. The spinal curvatures in the sagittal plane and selected ranges of motion were measured. The data were analysed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman’s rank correlation. Increased MNS assessed by ULNT1 and SLUMP tests was observed in participants with IS. Values of the neurodynamic tests correlated significantly with the sagittal profile of the spine and the mobility of the spine and lower limbs in both groups. In conclusion, increased MNS occurs in adolescents with IS. Therefore, the examination of adolescents with IS should include an assessment of MNS with the neurodynamic tests. Future studies should investigate this issue to better understand the mechanisms that coexist with IS.

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“…Further exclusion criteria were CP with primary athetosis (rather than spastic), surgery of the lower limbs or back within the preceding twelve months and imposed medical restriction for weight bearing. Twenty-one children, who participated in a previous study investigating reliability of the SLR test, did also participate in this study [ 17 ]. The goal was to recruit 30 children.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this structural differentiation, two test performances were applied in the form of sensitizing movements, first with initial dorsal flexion and second with initial neck flexion. The test was applied according to the test description of a previous study by the authors [ 17 ]. The leg was moved slowly, at approximately 5° per second, as this minimized the influence of (velocity-dependent) spasticity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of nerve mobility on function and activity in children with Cerebral Palsy

2016

Self Cite

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BackgroundIn children with cerebral palsy (CP), stiffness, caused by contractile and non-contractile structures, can influence motor performance. This study sought to determine whether the nerve mobility had a relevant impact on motor performance in children with CP. We hypothesized that a positive Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test, as well as smaller SLR hip angle, would relate to lower leg muscle strength, reduced motor capacity and less motor performance in children with CP.MethodsWe applied a cross-sectional analysis on data including SLR, leg muscle strength, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) and number of activity counts during daily life from thirty children with CP (6–18 years). We performed receiver operating characteristics and correlation analyses.ResultsPositive SLR test could distinguish well between children with low versus high muscle strength and GMFM-66 scores. The SLR hip angle correlated significant with the level of disability and with muscle strength. The correlation with the GMFM-66 and the activity counts was fair.ConclusionThis study suggests that neural restriction of SLR is higher on functional and activity outcome than the measured SLR hip range of motion. Further studies should investigate weather improving nerve mobility can lead to an amelioration of function in children with CP.

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Reliability and practicability of the straight leg raise test in children with cerebral palsy

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Seated Straight Leg Raise Test; Sensitivity & Specificity in Patients with Disc Herniation at Lumbosacral Interface Using MRI as A Gold Standard

Seated Straight Leg Raise Test; Sensitivity & Specificity in Patients with Disc Herniation at Lumbosacral Interface Using MRI as A Gold Standard

Neurodynamic Functions and Their Correlations with Postural Parameters in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis

The relevance of nerve mobility on function and activity in children with Cerebral Palsy

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