Reliability issues in the design and optimization of process utility systems

Reliable and flexible steam and power system design

“…(1), system reliability probability coming into the state i equals that of leaving system state i. Eq. (2) indicates the sum of system state probabilities is the unity [37,38].…”

“…Options of boilers, gas turbines and HRSGs, and their reliability data from the literature [34,38,42,43] are listed in Table 4. Steam turbines are quite reliable assuming no failure during the operation.…”

“…Del Nogal et al [34,35], Smith et al [36] proposed the concept of down time as penalty costs in the utility system design. Lin et al [37,38] developed utility system optimization methodologies taking account of equipment different standby phases for the operating optimization and system retrofit. Luo et al [39] presented real and virtual periods representing normal operation and emergency conditions in operational planning optimization in petrochemical complex excluding system component standby phase analysis.…”

Synthesis and optimisation of biomass-based tri-generation systems with reliability aspects

“…In addition, the framework [4] determines the redundancy allocation for the system based on different time horizons and failure scenarios. Later, Liu et al [13] proposed a methodology which combines operation and design optimisation of a utility system by incorporating reliability theory based on Markov chain analysis. Luo et al [14] presented a systematic methodology to address equipment failure for an existing steam power plant in a petrochemical complex with operation redundancy.…”

State-Of-The-Art Review of Mathematical Optimisation Approaches for Synthesis of Energy Systems

“…In addition, the framework (Aguilar et al 2008) determines the redundancy allocation for the system based on different time horizons and failure scenarios. Later, Lin et al (2012) proposed a methodology which combines operation and design optimisation of an energy system by incorporating the reliability theory based on Markov chain analysis. Luo et al (2013) presented a systematic methodology to address equipment failure for an existing steam power plant in a petrochemical complex with operation redundancy.…”