Reliability of Bioassay Tests to Indicate Herbicide Residues in Compost Of Varying Salinity and Herbicide Levels

Brinton, William F.; Evans, Eric J.; Blewett, T. C.

doi:10.1080/1065657x.2006.10702292

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, the rate of aminopyralid dissipation in the soil will be influenced by management practices and environmental conditions that affect crop residue decomposition and release of the herbicide back into the soil 24. When clopyralid is applied in grass crops, the herbicide can be sequestered in the crop residue and then be re‐released into the soil in a biologically active form as the crop residue decomposes 25, 26. Based on aminopyralid label statements regarding plant residues that contain aminopyralid, it appears that aminopyralid behaves in a similar manner to clopyralid and picloram 18.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aminopyralid soil residues affect rotational vegetable crops in Florida

Fast¹,

Ferrell

MacDonald

et al. 2011

Pest Management Science

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aminopyralid soil residues affect rotational vegetable crops in Florida

Fast¹,

Ferrell

MacDonald

et al. 2011

Pest Management Science

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“…However, the drift levels of dicamba and clopyralid used in this study might not have been high enough to affect more mature tissues and thus affect overall growth. Both dicamba and clopyralid caused malformed leaves characteristic of auxinic herbicides, primarily at 0.1 3 FAR ( [19], http://plantandsoil.unl.edu/croptechnology2005/crop_tech/ ?what5topicsD&informationModuleId51022008824&topic Order54&max57&min50&). In contrast to dicamba and clopyralid, the third auxinic herbicide used, MCPA, did not affect either plant growth or reproduction.…”

Section: Mechanism For Reproductive Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seed yield was reduced more when plants were treated at one visible bud than at no visible buds or one open flower. Peas have also been used as an indicator of chlorsulfuron dissipation from soils [18] and as a bioassay to indicate herbicide residues in compost [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pea (Pisum sativum) seed production as an assay for reproductive effects due to herbicides

Olszyk

Pfleeger

Lee

et al. 2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Even though herbicide drift can affect plant reproduction, current plant testing protocols emphasize effects on vegetative growth. In this study, we determined whether a short-growing season plant can indicate potential effects of herbicides on seed production. Pea (Pisum sativum cv. Dakota) plants were grown in mineral soil in pots under greenhouse conditions. Plants were treated with a variety of herbicides (dicamba, clopyralid, glufosinate, glyphosate, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, primisulfuron, or sulfometuron) at below standard field application rates applied at a vegetative stage of growth (approximately 14 d after emergence) or at flowering (approximately 20 d after emergence). Pea seed production was greatly reduced by sulfometuron at the minimum concentration used (0.001 x field application rate), with an effective concentration producing a 25% reduction in seed dry weight of 0.00007 x field application rate. Primisulfuron and glyphosate had a 25% reduction in seed dry weight for seed dry weight of 0.0035 and 0.0096 x field application rate, respectively. Clopyralid and dicamba reduced pea seed dry weight at a 25% reduction in seed dry weight of approximately 0.07 x field application rate. Glufosinate only reduced pea seed weight in one experiment, with a 25% reduction in seed dry weight of 0.07 and 0.008 x field application rate at vegetative growth and flowering stages, respectively. Pea seed dry weight was not affected by 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid. Plant developmental stage had no consistent effect on herbicide responses. Reduced seed production occurred with some herbicides (especially acetolactate synthase inhibitors), which caused little or no reduction in plant height or shoot biomass and little visible injury. Thus, pea may be a model species to indicate seed reproductive responses to herbicides, with seed production obtained by extending plant growth for usually only 7 d longer than the period usually used in the vegetative vigor test.

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“…The bioassay process uses sensitive plants to detect herbicide contamination of manure/compost. The plant bioassay method for aminopyralid uses sensitive broadleaf crop plants, such as tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and peas (Pisum Sativum L.), to determine visual plant injury symptoms and to indicate the presence of herbicide residues in compost [36]. Although bioassay tests are less specific than chemical tests, they are much less expensive and can be useful in detecting phytotoxic metabolites that are not detected in chemical tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composting Dairy Manure with Biochar: Compost Characteristics, Aminopyralid Residual Concentrations, and Phytotoxicity Effects

Netthisinghe,

Woosley,

Strunk

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Aminopyralid (2-pyridine carboxylic acid, 4-amino-3, 6-dichloro-2-pyridine carboxylic acid) is an auxin herbicide that has been used widely to control broadleaf weeds in pasture and hay fields. With no post-application withdrawal time, aminopyralid absorbed into forage material can contaminate compost feed stocks such as hay, grass bedding material, and manure. Composts derived from such feed stocks raises concerns about after-effect injuries to sensitive crops by residual aminopyralids. Biochar (BC) additive may affect the composting process and immobilizes organic pollutants. This study examined the effect of composting dairy manure/sawdust 1:1 mixture containing 10 ppb (wet) of aminopyralid with 0%, 2%, 4%, and 10% (w/w) BC levels on chemical and biological characteristics of compost, residual aminopyralid concentration, and intensity of plant injury to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants after composting in 140 L plastic rotary drum reactors for two 6-month cycles. Biochar addition decreased organic matter degradation and intensified reduction in residual aminopyralid levels in a dose-dependent manner. Composting with BC concentrated more N, P, and K, caused mild plant injuries, and increased the above ground biomass compared to the no BC incorporation. Addition of BC for composting aminopyralid-contaminated dairy manure can increase the phyto safety level of compost while enhancing the key fertilizer values.

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Reliability of Bioassay Tests to Indicate Herbicide Residues in Compost Of Varying Salinity and Herbicide Levels

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Aminopyralid soil residues affect rotational vegetable crops in Florida

Aminopyralid soil residues affect rotational vegetable crops in Florida

Pea (Pisum sativum) seed production as an assay for reproductive effects due to herbicides

Composting Dairy Manure with Biochar: Compost Characteristics, Aminopyralid Residual Concentrations, and Phytotoxicity Effects

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