Reliability of Google's Tensor Processing Units for Embedded Applications

Abstract

limit. I am immensely grateful for everything, and I am profundly proud of being his student. Besides that, although separated by an ocean, the weekly meetings and calls during these incredible three years have made us close and I am glad to call him a very important friend of mine.To the most important people in my life, my mom and dad, there are not enough words to show how grateful I am for all the motivation and support they have given me throughout my life.For all the happy moments together, the access to countless opportunities that changed my life, and unconditional love, I will be forever grateful to them. They always made me believe in myself, taught me the most important values in life and, for all that, I became who I am today. And I am immeasurably proud of who I am and the fathers I have! My sincere thanks to my girlfriend Letícia, who was very important for this work, not only because she helped me to review it with very wise opinions, but she showed me the most beautiful feelings and, with that, she genuinely inpired me. She has taught me a lot about life, especially making me happier than ever.I would like to express my deep gratitude to the most important friends of mine, Filipe, Guilherme, Rafael and Thomaz (alphabetically ordered!). We have been through the craziest and most amazing experiences together, as well as the funniest moments.They inspire me to find balance in me and encourage me to seek and be the best version of myself. I thank Guilherme, in particular, who supported me and was a fundamental person especially during my first year at the university.Last but not least, I would like to acknowledge the precious effort of the ChipIR and ILL teams. Thanks to them, either remotely or in person, we were able to carry out the radiation experiments that are the foundation of this work. AGRADECIMENTOSEu não poderia começar a expressar minha gratidão a ninguém que náo o meu professor Paolo Rech. Ele tem sido, de longe, o melhor professor que já tive e, claro, foi fundamental para a realização deste trabalho. Apesar de não ter tido a oportunidade de ser aluno dele em disciplinas na faculdade, ele tem sido meu orientador de iniciação científica há mais de três anos! Ele não só tem me ensinado muito tecnicamente e academicamente, mas sempre me motivou a aprender mais e ir além do que eu achava ser o meu limite. Sou imensamente grato por tudo, e tenho muito orgulho de ser seu aluno. Além disso, embora separados por um oceano, as reuniões e ligações semanais durante esses três incríveis anos nos aproximaram e tenho o prazer de chamá-lo de um amigo muito importante.Às pessoas mais importantes da minha vida, minha mãe e meu pai, não há palavras suficientes para demonstrar o quanto sou grato por toda a motivação e apoio que me deram ao longo da minha vida. Por todos os momentos felizes juntos, o acesso a inúmeras oportunidades que mudaram minha vida e o amor incondicional, serei eternamente grato a eles. Sempre me fizeram acreditar em mim mesmo, me ensinaram os valores mais importantes da vida e, por t...

Artificial Neural Networks for Space and Safety-Critical Applications: Reliability Issues and Potential Solutions

“…Still, AI has an intrinsic potential that can be exploited for error mitigation. A preliminary study focused on reducing the number of object classes to be classified by the model [180]. The intuition is that the higher the number of classes the smaller the Hamming distance between two different classes.…”

“…Normally, models are trained on standard datasets that include hundreds or thousands of object classes from different domains. By tuning the number of classes to the specific application need, we can spread the object probabilities halving the change of misclassifications [180]. This solution can be particularly effective in space applications, for which only few objects are of interest.…”

Exploring Hardware Fault Impacts on Different Real Number Representations of the Structural Resilience of TCUs in GPUs

“…So far, most of the efforts to evaluate the reliability of GEMM accelerators have concentrated on assessing the effect of transient faults on different SA topologies [25][26][27]. The authors of [28] analyzed the impact of soft errors on machine learning accelerators (e.g., NVDLA).…”