Reliability of LED-based Systems

Abstract

Reliability is an essential scientific and technological domain intrinsically linked with system integration. Nowadays, semiconductor industries are confronted with ever-increasing design complexity, dramatically decreasing design margins, increasing chances for and consequences of failures, shortening of product development and qualification time, and increasing difficulties to meet quality, robustness, and reliability requirements. The scientific successes of many micro/nano-related technology developments cannot lead to business success with-out innovation and breakthroughs in the way that we address reliability through the whole value chain. The aim of reliability is to predict, optimize and design upfront the reliability of micro/nanoelectronics and systems, an area denoted as 'Design for Reliability (DfR)'. While virtual schemes based on numerical simulation are widely used for functional design, they lack a systematic approach when used for reliability assessments. Besides this, lifetime predictions are still based on old standards assuming a constant failure rate behavior. In this paper, we will present the reliability and failures found in solid-state lighting systems. It includes both degradation and catastrophic failure modes from observation towards a full description of its mechanism obtained by extensive use of acceleration tests using knowledge-based qualification methods.

Bias Suppression Framework for Detrending Mean of Multi-Output Gaussian Process Regression in LED Remaining Storage Life Prognosis

“…Since 2011, LED-based products have steadily penetrated the market compared to conventional incandescent, halogen, florescent and high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps. Market penetration for LED-based products is projected to reach 75-85% by 2030 [28]. With such proliferation, there have been significant research significant on the reliability of LEDs.…”

“…Several real-world LED degradation mechanisms like electrical overstress, assembly issues, mishandling and chemical contamination were reported to be crucial in the upstream manufacturing process to prevent downstream catastrophic service failures. Driel et al [28] reviewed that there have been a whopping 88 failure unique modes for LED documented since 2011 and projected, based on the Goel-Okumoto maturity model, and that another 42 unique failure modes remain to be discovered. The possible interplay of these large number of multiple failure modes presents a big challenge to develop a comprehensive physics-of-failure model for LED.…”

Quantum Dot to Nanorod Transition for Efficient White-Light-Emitting Diodes with Suppressed Absorption Losses

“…2 It is projected that the rate of the LED market expansion will rise up to 85% of all of the lighting sources by 2030. 3 Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are extensively utilized as solid-state light sources in a vast spectrum of applications such as indoor and outdoor lighting, displays, communications, medical devices, machine vision systems, and biological detection because of their advantageous features such as high brightness, extended lifespan, and considerable impact on energy consumption and environment. 4 For solid-state lighting, nitride-based and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phosphors are favorably used as downconversion compounds due to their high efficiency and thermal and moisture stability.…”