Reliable Distributed Computing for Metaverse: A Hierarchical Game-Theoretic Approach

Jiang, Yuna; Kang, Jiawen; Niyato, Dusit; Ge, Xiaohu; Xiong, Zehui; Miao, Chunyan

doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3204839

Cited by 83 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…At a time when the current educational system is under fire for being divorced from the actual world, the metaverse can assist develop virtual worlds that can enable teachers to engage with students regardless of geographical barriers. The metaverse enables educators to design more immersive learning experiences [24], [25], [28], [41].…”

Section: Metaverse In Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-fungible tokens, decentralized autonomous organizations, Web 3.0, and the metaverse in education: From university to metaversity

Sutikno

Aisyahrani

2023

EduLearn

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The pandemic has accelerated technological advances in higher education. Learning management systems that make use of the persistent platform, a wide range of communication options, and profoundly immersive qualities quickly become the platform of choice for learning management systems. The blockchain enables non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and uses the blockchain architecture to validate college diplomas and transcripts, opening the way for a diverse variety of e-portfolios owned and shared by students and teachers. Another type of blockchain that is relatively new to the education scene is decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs). Through this, technology courses, certificates, and more can become automated and authenticated on the blockchain. The current state of the web is rapidly evolving into what is known as Web 3.0. It is the emerging evolution of the internet to make it machine-readable, which includes leveraging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the cloud, and distributed ledger technologies such as blockchain. From the perspectives of the university and the metaverse, this paper discusses the shift in education brought about by NFTs, DAOs, Web 3.0, and the metaverse. The powerful mix of Web 3.0 and the metaverse is about to revolutionize the way people learn and teach in the modern world.

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Section: Metaverse In Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-fungible tokens, decentralized autonomous organizations, Web 3.0, and the metaverse in education: From university to metaversity

Sutikno

Aisyahrani

2023

EduLearn

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“…This reduces the level of vulnerability of the system to cyber threats. In [93], to increase the reliability of the Metaverse network, the authors have presented a method based on distributed coded computing algorithms that can be implemented at the edge. Also, a growing number of solutions are being offered for edge computing reliability in hazardous environments [94].…”

Section: A Metaverse Requirements To Be Met By Edge Computingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking Metaverse-as-a-Service The three pillars to watch: Privacy and Security, Edge Computing, and Blockchain

Ahsani¹,

Rahimi²,

Letafati³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive overview on three core pillars of metaverse-as-a-service (MaaS) platforms; privacy and security, edge computing, and blockchain technology. The article starts by investigating security aspects for the wireless access to the metaverse. Then it goes through the privacy and security issues inside the metaverse from data-centric, learning-centric, and human-centric points-of-view. The authors address private and secure mechanisms for privatizing sensitive data attributes and securing machine learning algorithms running in a distributed manner within the metaverse platforms. Novel visions and less-investigated methods are reviewed to help mobile network operators and metaverse service providers facilitate the realization of secure and private MaaS through different layers of the metaverse, ranging from the access layer to the social interactions among clients. Later in the article, it has been explained how the paradigm of edge computing can strengthen different aspects of the metaverse. Along with that, the challenges of using edge computing in the metaverse have been comprehensively investigated. Additionally, the paper has comprehensively investigated and analyzed 10 main challenges of MaaS platforms and thoroughly discussed how blockchain technology provides solutions for these constraints. At the final, future vision and directions, such as content-centric security and zero-trust metaverse, some blockchain's unsolved challenges are also discussed to bring further insights for the network designers in the metaverse era.

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“…Since the metaverse is built upon cyberspace, all security threats, such as botnets [2], website fingerprinting [3], [4], phishing [5], sybil attacks [6], and frauds [7], would be inherited. Additionally, the metaverse's growing complexity and diversity in terms of functionalities [8], as well the exponentially increasing demand in network bandwidth and computational resources [9], [10], makes security big concerns. On the one hand, complex and diverse functionalities introduce extra vulnerabilities, exposing the metaverse to new unexpected threats [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ParaDefender: A Scenario-Driven Parallel System for Defending Metaverses

Han

Chen

Liu

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern, Syst.

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The metaverse, as an instance of cyber-physicalsocial systems (CPSS) that originates in cyber-physical systems (CPS), features growing complexity, and diversity in terms of functionalities, as well as the exponentially increasing demand in network bandwidth and computational resources, thereby leading to exaggerated security threats. However, compared with the extensive attention received by the metaverse, solutions defending against the threats have not kept pace. A major obstacle to such solutions is virtuality-reality-synthesized threats. Therefore, it is imperative to design new paradigms to defend the metaverse effectively. In this article, we advance a parallel system, dubbed ParaDefender, to defend the metaverse against emerging new threats effectively. Inspired by parallel intelligence, ParaDefender comprises artificial cyberspace, computational experiments, and parallel execution. The basic idea is to make artificial and real cyberspaces executed in parallel to mutually guide each other for enhanced security, wherein the parallel execution is scenario driven in the sense that the scenarios originate from all possible spatial-temporal combinations of security threats in the metaverse. We also demonstrate how to land ParaDefender onto real-world applications, including the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) security operation application in the industrial metaverse, and the social governance application.

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Reliable Distributed Computing for Metaverse: A Hierarchical Game-Theoretic Approach

Cited by 83 publications

References 47 publications

Non-fungible tokens, decentralized autonomous organizations, Web 3.0, and the metaverse in education: From university to metaversity

Non-fungible tokens, decentralized autonomous organizations, Web 3.0, and the metaverse in education: From university to metaversity

Unlocking Metaverse-as-a-Service The three pillars to watch: Privacy and Security, Edge Computing, and Blockchain

ParaDefender: A Scenario-Driven Parallel System for Defending Metaverses

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