“…The first was the notion of a ‘gender revolution’ across the western world since 1945 (Berridge et al., 2009; Blau et al., 2006; Cotter et al., 2011; Razzu, 2014). This has been associated with a wide range of factors including the growth of feminism (Evans, 2014), the impact of the contraceptive pill (Watkins, 2001), increased levels of female educational attainment (Arnot et al., 1999) and, as a corollary, the expansion in the number of women employed in professional and managerial cadres (Purcell and Elias, 2008). These factors have been powerfully entwined with the ‘second demographic transition’ (van de Kaa, 1987) which has witnessed decreasing rates of marriage and increasing rates of cohabitation (Lesterhaeghe and Neels, 2002) as well as an increasing frequency of divorce (Rees, 1997) plus an increasing proportion of childless women at the age of 40 (McAllister and Clarke, 1998).…”