Remarkable adsorptive removal of nitrogen-containing compounds from hydrotreated fuel by molecularly imprinted poly-2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-phenol nanofibers

Abstract

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning of poly 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-phenol (PIMH) in the presence of various nitrogen containing compounds (N-compounds). Molecularly imprinted polymer nanofibers show selectivity for various target model nitrogen-containing compounds with adsorption capacities of 11.7 AE 0.9 mg g À1 , 11.9 AE 0.8 mg g À1 and 11.3 AE 1.1 mg g À1 for quinoline, pyrimidine and carbazole, respectively. Molecular modelling based upon density functional theory (DFT) indicated that hydrogen bond interactions may take place between the lone-pair nitrogen atom of model compounds (quinoline and pyrimidine) and the -OH and -NH groups of the PIMH nanofibers. The adsorption mode followed the Freundlich (multi-layered) adsorption isotherm, which indicated possible nitrogen-nitrogen compound interactions. Molecularly imprinted polymer nanofibers show potential for the removal of nitrogen-containing compounds in fuel.

Effect of Aging in Nitrogen and Air on the Properties of Biocrude Produced by Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Spirulina

“…The physicochemical properties’ change at different storage conditions reveals the instability of the algal biocrude oils. We proposed a possible aging pathway (Figure ) of biocrude oil based on this study and the literature. ,,,− …”

“…However, it was observed that the UO could not be dissolved in acetone completely. Biocrude oil may form gums, sludges, deposits, precipitates, sediments, asphaltenes, or their mixture in the reaction of oil components with atmospheric oxygen and between themselves during storage. , There is consensus that the oxygen compounds, phenols, and nitrogen components (especially nitrogen heterocycle) in fuel oils show the largest contribution to the instability and sediment formation. ,− The significant increase of nitrogen components of the UO in the air environment indicated that oxidation and polymerization with nitrogen-containing compounds may take place to form deposits. Research showed that extracting the phenols from fuel oil resulted in a more stable fuel that is less insoluble .…”

Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Biocrude Oil Derived from the Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Spirulina

“…The formation of the OL in the biocrude oil was caused by the aging reactions between compounds in the biocrude and oxygen in the atmosphere. The components of the oxide layer may be gum, sediment, asphaltene, or their mixture [40,41]. Researchers agree that the oxygen-containing compounds and nitrogen-containing components, especially nitrogen heterocycles in the biocrude oil, contribute most to the oil instability and sediment formation [39,41].…”

“…The components of the oxide layer may be gum, sediment, asphaltene, or their mixture [40,41]. Researchers agree that the oxygen-containing compounds and nitrogen-containing components, especially nitrogen heterocycles in the biocrude oil, contribute most to the oil instability and sediment formation [39,41]. Therefore, it is essential to control the increase in oxygen and nitrogen-containing compounds during biocrude oil combustion to reduce the possibility of odor and nitrogen oxide emissions.…”