Remediation Engineering

Suthersan, Suthan; Horst, John; Schnobrich, Matthew; Welty, Nicklaus; McDonough, Jeff

doi:10.1201/9781315367088

Cited by 53 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Although several important factors affect the implementability and potential success of an injected remedial fluid-based approach, relatively high hydraulic conductivity site conditions is one of the most important and desired site features, because this property controls the ease at which remedial fluids can be injected; therefore, sites with low natural bulk hydraulic conductivity values (typically less than approximately 5 feet/day) are not generally considered ideal candidate sites for injected liquidreagent-based in-situ remedial strategies (e.g., Morse et al 1998 ;Suthersan 2002 ;Faris et al 2003 ;Gossett et al 2003 ;Suthersan and Payne 2005 ;Payne et al 2008 ;Suthersan et al 2017 ). Most commonly, these strategies involve the injection of a specialized reagent solution into the aquifer in order to create a zone within the aquifer where enhanced biotic and/or abiotic reactions occur in-situ to destroy, detoxify, or immobilize target contaminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

Divine¹,

Roth²,

Crimi³

et al. 2017

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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A new in‐situ remediation concept termed a Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) is presented that utilizes horizontal wells filled with reactive media to passively treat contaminated groundwater in‐situ. The approach involves the use of large‐diameter directionally drilled horizontal wells filled with granular reactive media generally installed parallel to the direction of groundwater flow. The design leverages natural “flow‐focusing” behavior induced by the high in‐well hydraulic conductivity of the reactive media relative to the aquifer hydraulic conductivity to passively capture and treat proportionally large volumes of groundwater within the well. Clean groundwater then exits the horizontal well along its downgradient sections. Many different types of solid granular reactive media are already available (e.g., zero valent iron, activated carbon, ion exchange resins, zeolite, apatite, chitin); therefore, this concept could be used to address a wide range of contaminants. Three‐dimensional flow and transport simulations were completed to assess the general hydraulic performance, capture zones, residence times, effects of aquifer heterogeneity, and treatment effectiveness of the concept. The results demonstrate that capture and treatment widths of up to tens of feet can be achieved for many aquifer settings, and that reductions in downgradient concentrations and contaminant mass flux are nearly immediate. For a representative example, the predicted treatment zone width for the HRX Well is approximately 27 to 44 feet, and contaminant concentrations immediately downgradient of the HRX Well decreased an order of magnitude within 10 days. A series of laboratory‐scale physical tests (i.e., tank tests) were completed that further demonstrate the concept and confirm model prediction performance. For example, the breakthrough time, peak concentration and total mass recovery of methylene blue (reactive tracer) was about 2, 35, and 20 times (respectively) less than chloride (conservative tracer) at the outlet of the tank‐scale HRX Well.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, trenching is relatively expensive as costs are more sensitive to trench depth (see table 10.2, Suthersan et al 2017 ). For example, trenching is relatively expensive as costs are more sensitive to trench depth (see table 10.2, Suthersan et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

Divine¹,

Roth²,

Crimi³

et al. 2017

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The HRX Well concept addresses many of the challenges and limitations inherent to conventional remediation approaches, including: costs and time requirements associated with hydraulic containment, delivery of injected reagent‐based strategies in complex hydrostratigraphy, and up‐front costs and long‐term hydraulics in flow‐through PRB treatment schemes. For many sites, it is increasingly recognized that contaminant mass flux and discharge may represent the most appropriate measure of plume strength and potential migration risk and, therefore, remedial objectives and technologies focusing primarily on long‐term mass discharge reduction will be increasingly favored (e.g., Suthersan, Divine, Quinnan, & Nichols, ; Suthersan, Horst, Schnobrich, Welty, & McDonough, ). The HRX Well concept is particularly well‐suited for sites where long‐term mass discharge control is a primary performance objective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The horizontal reactive media treatment well (HRX Well^®) for passive in situ remediation: Design, implementation, and sustainability considerations

Divine

Wright

Wang

et al. 2018

Remediation Journal

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A new in situ remediation concept termed a Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) is presented that utilizes a horizontal well filled with reactive media to passively treat contaminated groundwater in situ. The approach involves the use of a large‐diameter directionally drilled horizontal well filled with solid reactive media installed parallel to the direction of groundwater flow. The engineered contrast in hydraulic conductivity between the high in‐well reactive media and the ambient aquifer hydraulic conductivity results in the passive capture, treatment, and discharge back to the aquifer of proportionally large volumes of groundwater. Capture and treatment widths of up to tens of feet can be achieved for many aquifer settings, and reductions in downgradient concentrations and contaminant mass flux are nearly immediate. Many different types of solid‐phase reactive treatment media are already available (zero valent iron, granular activated carbon, biodegradable particulate organic matter, slow‐release oxidants, ion exchange resins, zeolite, apatite, etc.). Therefore, this concept could be used to address a wide range of contaminants. Laboratory and pilot‐scale test results and numerical flow and transport model simulations are presented that validate the concept. The HRX Well can access contaminants not accessible by conventional vertical drilling and requires no aboveground treatment or footprint and requires limited ongoing maintenance. A focused feasibility evaluation and alternatives analysis highlights the potential cost and sustainability advantages of the HRX Well compared to groundwater extraction and treatment systems or funnel and gate permeable reactive barrier technologies for long‐term plume treatment. This paper also presents considerations for design and implementation for a planned upcoming field installation.

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“…Immediate savings can be realized by creating boring logs, cross sections, and 3D models with over 50% less labor. However, potential lifecycle savings of characterizing sites based on mass flux with high‐resolution electronic data collection approaches is in the millions of dollars, as the improved characterization identifies where 90% of the contaminant mass is traveling while narrowing the range of applicable remediation technologies (Suthersan et al ).…”

Section: Digital Innovation In Site Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Innovation: The Next Disruptive but Transformative Remediation Frontier

Horst¹,

Welty²,

Schnobrich³

et al. 2017

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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Remediation Engineering

Cited by 53 publications

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The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

The horizontal reactive media treatment well (HRX Well^®) for passive in situ remediation: Design, implementation, and sustainability considerations

Digital Innovation: The Next Disruptive but Transformative Remediation Frontier

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Remediation Engineering

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

The Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®) for Passive In‐Situ Remediation

The horizontal reactive media treatment well (HRX Well®) for passive in situ remediation: Design, implementation, and sustainability considerations

Digital Innovation: The Next Disruptive but Transformative Remediation Frontier

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Product

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About

The horizontal reactive media treatment well (HRX Well^®) for passive in situ remediation: Design, implementation, and sustainability considerations