Remodeling of the femoral chordotonal organ during metamorphosis of the hawkmoth,Manduca sexta

Consoulas, Christos; Rose, Uwe; Levine, Richard B.

doi:10.1002/1096-9861(20001023)426:3<391::aid-cne4>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 90 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Particularly striking examples of postembryonic alterations in motor patterns occur during the metamorphosis of holometabolous insects, as the nervous system is remodeled to accommodate new behavioral requirements (Consoulas et al 2001;Levine et al 1995;Levine 1990, 1995). Modifications in sensory organs (Consoulas 2000;Consoulas et al 2000;Kent et al 1996) and muscles (Consoulas et al 1997; accompany the development of adult locomotor appendages. Within the CNS, identified motoneurons survive the degeneration of the larval muscles to innervate new adult muscles Levine 1988a, b, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distinct patterns of motoneuron recruitment during crawling and walking may reflect alterations in sensory feedback, as new sensory elements develop in the adult legs (Consoulas 2000;Consoulas et al 2000;Kent and Griffin 1990;Kent et al 1996). In addition, changes in the intrinsic properties and synaptic interactions of neurons within the CNS may produce alternations in centrally patterned motor activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thoracic leg motoneurons in the isolated CNS of adult Manduca produce patterned activity in response to pilocarpine, which is distinct from that produced in larvae

Johnston

Levine

2002

Invertebrate Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the hawkmoth, Manduca sexta, thoracic leg motoneurons survive the degeneration of the larval leg muscles to innervate new muscles of the adult legs. The same motoneurons, therefore, participate in the very different modes of terrestrial locomotion that are used by larvae (crawling) and adults (walking). Consequently, changes in locomotor behavior may reflect changes in both the CNS and periphery. The present study was undertaken to determine whether motor patterns produced by the isolated CNS of adult Manduca, in the absence of sensory feedback, would resemble adult specific patterns of coordination. Pilocarpine, which evokes a fictive crawling motor pattern from the isolated larval CNS, also evoked robust patterned activity from leg motoneurons in the isolated adult CNS. As in the larva, levator and depressor motoneurons innervating the same leg were active in antiphase. Unlike fictive crawling, however, bursts of activity in levator or depressor motoneurons of one leg alternated with bursts in the homologous motoneurons innervating the opposite leg of the same segment and the leg on the same side in the adjacent segment. The most common mode of intersegmental activity generated by the isolated adult CNS resembled an alternating tripod gait, which is displayed, albeit infrequently, during walking in intact adult Manduca. A detailed analysis revealed specific differences between the patterned motor activity that is evoked from the isolated adult CNS and activity patterns observed during walking in intact animals, perhaps indicating an important role for sensory feedback. Nevertheless, the basic similarity to adult walking and clear distinctions from the larval fictive crawling pattern suggest that changes within the CNS contribute to alterations in locomotor activity during metamorphosis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic leg motoneurons in the isolated CNS of adult Manduca produce patterned activity in response to pilocarpine, which is distinct from that produced in larvae

Johnston

Levine

2002

Invertebrate Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Changes in CaMKII expression in the neuropil correlated with structural modifications within the CNS, such as different phases of dendritic growth (Duch & Levine, 2000; Libersat & Duch, 2002) and the ingrowth of postembryonically born sensory neurons (Consoulas et al ., 2000b; Consoulas, 2000). CaMKII plays an important role in activity‐dependent developmental processes and is a major protein of the vertebrate postsynaptic density (Lisman et al ., 2002), but can also localized presynaptically (Menegon et al ., 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in CaMKII expression in the neuropil correlated with structural modifications within the CNS, such as different phases of dendritic growth Libersat & Duch, 2002) and the ingrowth of postembryonically born sensory neurons (Consoulas et al, 2000b;Consoulas, 2000). CaMKII plays an important role in Fig.…”

Section: Pre-and Postsynaptic Localization Of Camkiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental changes of CaMKII localization, activity and function during postembryonic CNS remodelling in Manduca sexta

Burkert

Duch

2006

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insect metamorphosis is a compelling example of postembryonic remodelling of neuronal structure and synaptic connectivity as larval and adult behaviours place distinct demands on the CNS. Holometabolous insects such as the moth Manduca sexta have long served as suitable models for the study of steroid effects on CNS remodelling, but activity and calcium-dependent mechanisms have been found to act in concert with hormonal signals. This study examines developmental changes in the localization and the activational state of CaMKII during postembryonic Manduca CNS remodelling. Western blotting, CaMKII purification and autophosphorylation with gamma(32)P-ATP indicate that the lepidopteran CNS may contain only one CaMKII isoform. In situ immunohistochemistry reveals developmental changes in the expression patterns of CaMKII in different types of thoracic neurons and in different neuronal compartments. Early pupal life is characterized by an increase in postsynaptic CaMKII localization, which coincides with a developmental increase in CaMKII activation. Both events correlate temporally with motoneuron dendritic filopodia collapse and rapid synaptogenesis, indicating a possible functional role for CaMKII for the postembryonic development of invertebrate motor circuitry. Substrate phosphorylation assays demonstrate that CaMKII activity in the ventral nerve cord reflects changes in calcium influx through voltage-activated channels as occurring in vivo during normal development.

show abstract

“…Procedures for retrograde filling of insect nerves (Consoulas et al 2000) were adapted to fluorescently label PH-SNs. Late 4th instar larvae that had initiated apolysis but did not exhibit head capsule slippage were anesthetized in CO 2 gas and decapitated.…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell culture of mechanoreceptor neurons innervating proleg sensory hairs in Manduca sexta larvae, and co-culture with target motoneurons

et al. 2003

Cell and Tissue Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The tip of each proleg in Manduca sexta larvae bears a dense array of mechanosensory hairs termed planta hairs (PHs), each innervated by a single sensory neuron (termed a PH-SN) located in the underlying epidermis. In the CNS, axon terminals of PH-SNs make direct, excitatory, nicotinic cholinergic synapses with proleg retractor motoneurons including the accessory planta retractor (APR). These synapses mediate a proleg withdrawal reflex, exhibit multiple forms of activity-dependent plasticity and weaken during the prepupal peak of ecdysteroids. In the present study we developed methods to dissociate PH-SNs from the epidermis and culture them alone or with APRs. The PH-SNs were fluorescently labeled in situ by introducing dye through the cut hair shaft or by retrograde axonal staining. Alternatively, unlabeled PH-SNs were utilized. The epidermis beneath the planta hair array was separated from the cuticle, enzymatically treated and mechanically dissociated into single cells. PH-SNs were cultured on glass coverslips coated with concanavalin A and laminin, in modified Leibovitz's IL-15 medium. Supplementation with medium conditioned by an insect cell line produced the best results. Dissociated PH-SNs had somatic diameters of ~10 micro m and typically bore a stout dendrite consisting of the inner and, occasionally, the outer dendritic segment. An axonal stump was sometimes retained. Viable PH-SNs typically extended new processes and often survived for 2-4 weeks. When co-cultured, PH-SNs and APRs exhibited robust growth and made close anatomical appositions. This culture system provides convenient experimental access to PH-SNs and may potentially permit sensorimotor synapses to be investigated in vitro.

show abstract

Remodeling of the femoral chordotonal organ during metamorphosis of the hawkmoth,Manduca sexta

Cited by 10 publications

References 90 publications

Thoracic leg motoneurons in the isolated CNS of adult Manduca produce patterned activity in response to pilocarpine, which is distinct from that produced in larvae

Thoracic leg motoneurons in the isolated CNS of adult Manduca produce patterned activity in response to pilocarpine, which is distinct from that produced in larvae

Developmental changes of CaMKII localization, activity and function during postembryonic CNS remodelling in Manduca sexta

Cell culture of mechanoreceptor neurons innervating proleg sensory hairs in Manduca sexta larvae, and co-culture with target motoneurons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About