“…Also, passive, and active remote-sensing systems have been applied in marine monitoring and applications such as water quality parameters, toxins, and marine biodiversity (14)(15)(16). Despite the inclusion of freshwater systems in some early trials and applications of airborne fluorescence lidar systems, its use in the detection and monitoring of inland waters and its biodiversity remains limited with only a few exceptions (17). Hence, near-range measurement is important in the monitoring of surrounding environments (11,18).…”