Removal of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol from Spiked Clay Soils by Electrokinetic Soil Flushing Assisted with Granular Activated Carbon Permeable Reactive Barrier

Ruíz, C.; Mena, Esperanza; Cañizares, Pablo; Villaseñor, José; Rodrigo, Manuel A.

doi:10.1021/ie4028022

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, in the recent years a new technological approach has been proposed for the removal of organics: the permeable reactive barriers (PRB), demonstrating great advantages as compared to the EKSF of the EKF technologies. In addition to their application for the removal of inorganic species, use of biological barriers [29], ion exchange resin [30] or activated carbon [31] barriers has been studied with great detail for the remediation of soil polluted with organic pollutants, pushing up research in the search for new applications [32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most interesting approaches, because of the expected high efficiency in the removal of organics, are the permeable barriers consisting of adsorption beds [31,35]. A first experience in the application of the combination of EKSF with adsorption barriers was proposed for the removal of trichlorophenol from spiked soils [31], where it was demonstrated its high efficiency and easy performance. This technology is based on the mobilization of pollutants contained in the soil by the application of an electric field through an adsorbent bed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of chlorsulfuron and 2,4-D from spiked soil using reversible electrokinetic adsorption barriers

Souza

Sáez

Lanza

et al. 2017

Separation and Purification Technology

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This work focuses on the application of REKAB (Reversible Electrokinetic Adsorption Barriers) technology to remediate two soil matrixes spiked with 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and chlorsulfuron (CLSF), two herbicides that exhibit a high water-solubility and very different volatility and adsorption properties (2,4-D is more volatile). Results obtained after 15-day treatment tests are compared with those obtained using single electrokinetic soil flushing technology (EKSF) and very important differences were pointed out. Both technologies are efficient in the removal of herbicides from soils. However, while in the EKSF, transport of pesticides to electrode wells is very important and evaporation is favored, in particular for the removal of 2,4-D, in the case of REKAB, retention by the carbon bed is the primary mechanisms (40 % and 60 % of 2,4-D and CLSF respectively) and both, evaporation and transport to electrode wells, although significant, are less important than in the EKSF. After the 15 day-treatment only 28% of 2,4-D and 12 % of CLSF remained in the soil as pollutants and evaporation loses are less than half than those obtained in the EKSF technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of chlorsulfuron and 2,4-D from spiked soil using reversible electrokinetic adsorption barriers

Souza

Sáez

Lanza

et al. 2017

Separation and Purification Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To attain suitable conditions for life under the application of an electric field, the most critical parameter is pH (Yeung and Gu, 2011;Gill et al, 2014), which is known to be modified very importantly during the electroremediation of soil (Ruiz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electric field on the performance of soil electro-bioremediation with a periodic polarity reversal strategy

et al. 2016

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In this work, it is studied the effect of the electric fields (within the range 0.0-1.5 V cm(-1)) on the performance of electrobioremediation with polarity reversal, using a bench scale plant with diesel-spiked kaolinite with 14-d long tests. Results obtained show that the periodic changes in the polarity of the electric field results in a more efficient treatment as compared with the single electro-bioremediation process, and it does not require the addition of a buffer to keep the pH within a suitable range. The soil heating was not very important and it did not cause a change in the temperature of the soil up to values incompatible with the life of microorganisms. Low values of water transported by the electro-osmosis process were attained with this strategy. After only 14 d of treatment, by using the highest electric field studied in this work (1.5 V cm(-1)), up to 35.40% of the diesel added at the beginning of the test was removed, value much higher than the 10.5% obtained by the single bioremediation technology in the same period.

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“…However, the combination of the EK and the PRB treatments is much more recent, and consequently, only a limited number of publications are available regarding this topic: some studies are based on using physical and/or chemical mechanisms in the PRB to remove metals or organic pollutants [21][22][23][24][25][26][27], while, to our knowledge, no references are available regarding the specific case of combined biological barriers/EK treatment. The combination of biotechnology and the EK phenomena for polluted soils remediation has been called "electrobioremediation" and has been previously studied as another strategy [2,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of electrokinetic oxygen supply for soil bioremediation purposes

et al. 2014

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This paper studies the possibility of providing oxygen to a soil by an electrokinetic technique, so that the method could be used in future aerobic polluted soil bioremediation treatments. The oxygen was generated from the anodic reaction of water electrolysis and transported to the soil in a laboratory-scale electrokinetic cell. Two variables were tested: the soil texture and the voltage gradient. The technique was tested in two artificial soils (clay and sand) and later in a real silty soil, and three voltage gradients were used: 0.0 (control), 0.5, and 1.0 V cm(-1). It was observed that these two variables strongly influenced the results. Oxygen transport into the soil was only available in the silty and sandy soils by oxygen diffusion, obtaining high dissolved oxygen concentrations, between 4 and 9 mg L(-1), useful for possible aerobic biodegradation processes, while transport was not possible in fine-grained soils such as clay. Electro-osmotic flow did not contribute to the transport of oxygen, and an increase in voltage gradients produced higher oxygen transfer rates. However, only a minimum fraction of the electrolytically generated oxygen was efficiently used, and the maximum oxygen transport rate observed, approximately 1.4 mgO2 L(-1)d(-1), was rather low, so this technique could be only tested in slow in-situ biostimulation processes for organics removal from polluted soils.

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Removal of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol from Spiked Clay Soils by Electrokinetic Soil Flushing Assisted with Granular Activated Carbon Permeable Reactive Barrier

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Removal of chlorsulfuron and 2,4-D from spiked soil using reversible electrokinetic adsorption barriers

Removal of chlorsulfuron and 2,4-D from spiked soil using reversible electrokinetic adsorption barriers

Effect of electric field on the performance of soil electro-bioremediation with a periodic polarity reversal strategy

Feasibility of electrokinetic oxygen supply for soil bioremediation purposes

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