Removal of cadmium (II) from simulated wastewater by ion flotation technique

Salmani, Mohammad Hossein; Davoodi, M.; Ehrampoush, Mohammad Hassan; Ghaneian, MT; Fallahzadah, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.1186/1735-2746-10-16

Cited by 66 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…where C is the column solution concentration of metal at time t and C o is the column solution concentration at time t = 0 [20,30,40]. This measure is a traditional method of reporting metal removal during ion flotation, but it does not take into account the transfer of water from the column to the foamate.…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Flotation of La3+, Cd2+, and Cs+ using Monorhamnolipid Collector

Hogan

Curry

Maier

2018

Colloids and Interfaces

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Water scarcity is a global issue that is expected to continue increasing in importance in the coming decades. Reclaimed water is one important source available to meet future needs. The reclamation process for wastewaters, particularly from industrial sources, involves the need to remove low-level contaminants. Here we report the efficacy of an ion flotation process that uses the biosurfactant monorhamnolipid as a metal collector to recover Cs + , Cd 2+ , and La 3+ from water. These elements were tested at collector-to-colligend ratios of 2, 5, and 10. The collector-to-colligend ratio and metal valence play a large role in determining flotation success with removal efficiencies varying widely. The maximum removal efficiency for the metals when floated individually were 46.2, 99.8, and 98.6% for Cs + , Cd 2+ , and La 3+ , respectively. When mixed together at near equimolar concentrations removal efficiencies were 39.4, 98.4, and 88.1%, respectively. Removal efficiency for Cs + , Cd 2+ , and La 3+ were up to 49.9, 99.5, and 51.5% when mixed at a ratio of 200:10:1, whereas conditional stability constants predict a removal order of La 3+ > Cd 2+ > Cs + . Future research should examine parameters, including pH and ionic strength, that may affect the flotation process as well as actual metal-contaminated waste streams to evaluate the usefulness of this technology.Colloids Interfaces 2018, 2, 43 2 of 15 in wastewater treatment for their ability to remove and concentrate dissolved metal ions from solution: precipitate and ion flotation [10]. The former utilizes chemicals to precipitate dissolved metals and air bubbles to collect the resulting precipitate at the solution surface [10]. The latter concentrates dissolved, surface-inactive ions (colligends) through complexation with surfactants (collectors) and subsequent introduction of air bubbles. The ion-surfactant complexes (sublate) attach to the bubble air/water interfaces and accumulate at the solution surface as foam that can then be collected into a metal concentrate herein called foamate [18]. The solution remaining in the column then has a reduced metal concentration and is ready for additional treatment or release. Since its first description by Sebba [19] in 1959, a large body of research has demonstrated ion flotation's efficacy and optimal operating conditions for a wide variety of collector and colligend pairs (see Pinfold, Matis & Mavros, and Lemlich [15,18,20] for literature reviews). This body demonstrates two important advantages of ion flotation over other treatment approaches: (1) it can achieve high metal removal efficiencies even when metals are very dilute in solution and (2) selective metal recovery is possible by manipulating the collector and other flotation conditions. When developing a flotation process, the collector characteristics of collector-colligend selectivity, critical micelle concentration, solubility, toxicity, and biodegradability should be considered. The latter two points are particularly important because some collector will rema...

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Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Flotation of La3+, Cd2+, and Cs+ using Monorhamnolipid Collector

Hogan

Curry

Maier

2018

Colloids and Interfaces

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“…It is based on the attraction of metal ions of opposite charge to the polar end of a surfactant molecule (collector) of opposite charge, the interaction of the hydrocarbon chain of the surfactant to air bubbles entering the cell, and ultimately on conveying the complexed metal ion to the foam phase (Galvin et al 1993). Compared to other common methods, ion flotation, with its high recovery and selective separation, is a fast and relatively economical method that can be used to recover most of the metals in the periodic table at low concentrations (10 5 to 10 -1 M; Nikol et al 1992;Salmani et al 2013;Zouboulis and Matis 1987). We therefore investigated the use of ion flotation to extract and recover copper from a dilute solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Ion Recovery from Mine Water by Ion Flotation

2016

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Solutions containing copper ions are produced at copper mines due to its dissolution from ores and dumps. It is important to recover these ions to prevent this toxic element from entering the environment and because it could be economical. We investigated the use of ion flotation for extracting Cu ions from diluted mine water from the Veshnaveh Mine in Qom, Iran. Experiments were conducted using floatation cells at pH 6, 9, and 12 with diluted solutions containing 10 mg L -1 of Cu. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) were used as collectors and methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) and ethanol were used as frothers. The best result was achieved by maximizing Cu ion recovery and minimizing water recovery at pH 12, using 100 mg L -1 of HTAB and 0.1 % (v/v) of MIBC. Copper and water recovery were 79 and 24 %, respectively.

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“…The ion flotation process has a high potential in the field of wastewater treatment due to its good performance (Rubio et al, 2002). It has benefits in its very easy method, low energy requirements, low costs compared, fast operation, low residual concentration of metals, small space requirements, flexibility in applying the method to a variety of metals at various levels, and production of a small volume of sludge to other separation methods (Salmani et al, 2013). Introduced by Felix Sebba in 1960, ion flotation is a method used for removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%