Removal of calcium and magnesium hardness by electrodialysis

Kabay, Nalan; Demircioğlu, Mustafa; Ersoz, Erkan; Kurucaovali, I

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(02)00807-x

Cited by 91 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This result agrees with that obtained in the previous studies (Kabay et al 2002;Banasiak et al 2007;Kabay et al 2008;Shady et al 2012).…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Whereas a slight variation of SPC was observed when flow rate varied from low to high value. This result was in accordance with those of Kabay et al (2002) which have reported that there is no any considerable effect of flow rate on the SPC. A linear regression model was fitted for the experimental data using the Minitab statistical software.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The increase of salt concentration and applied potential determined an increase of SPC. Similar result was observed by Ben Sik Ali et al (2010a) and Kabay et al (2002). Whereas a slight variation of SPC was observed when flow rate varied from low to high value.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This result can be explained by the concentration polarization phenomenon which is more important at high concentration (Sadrzadeh and Mohammadi 2008). As demonstrated in previous studies (Kabay et al 2002;Banasiak et al 2007;Sadrzadeh and Mohammadi 2008;Ben Sik Ali et al 2010a), the number of ions transported through the membranes are almost the same but total amounts of salts are quite different from the different treated solution. As known, the calculation of DR depends strongly on the initial feed concentration and the amount of transported ions.…”

Section: Main Effects Plotsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In the present case, Fig. 4 shows a slight increase (8.33%) in DR when flow rate increases from low to high level likely because the thickness of the boundary layers adjacent to the membranes Table 4 Full factorial design matrix for desalination efficiency Standard error coefficient for all cases = 0.7716 Standard error coefficient for all cases = 0.03841 Kabay et al (2002).…”

Section: Main Effects Plotmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

et al. 2017

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The aim of this work is to study the desalination of brackish water by electrodialysis (ED). A two levelthree factor (2 3 ) full factorial design methodology was used to investigate the influence of different physicochemical parameters on the demineralization rate (DR) and the specific power consumption (SPC). Statistical design determines factors which have the important effects on ED performance and studies all interactions between the considered parameters. Three significant factors were used including applied potential, salt concentration and flow rate. The experimental results and statistical analysis show that applied potential and salt concentration are the main effect for DR as well as for SPC. The effect of interaction between applied potential and salt concentration was observed for SPC. A maximum value of 82.24% was obtained for DR under optimum conditions and the best value of SPC obtained was 5.64 Wh L -1 . Empirical regression models were also obtained and used to predict the DR and the SPC profiles with satisfactory results. The process was applied for the treatment of real brackish water using the optimal parameters.

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“…This result agrees with that obtained in the previous studies (Kabay et al 2002;Banasiak et al 2007;Kabay et al 2008;Shady et al 2012).…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Statistical Analysis and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Main Effects Plotsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Main Effects Plotmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

et al. 2017

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Total Resource Circulation of Desalination Brine: A Review

Lee,

Ho,

Chen

et al. 2024

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Desalination brine is a concentrated stream that is generated during the desalination process. Brine commonly has high salinity and TDS (total dissolved ions), which contains ions such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, PO43−, and some critical elements. Currently, the brine treatment mainly applies direct disposal, like surface water discharge, sewer discharge, deep‐well injection, and evaporation ponds. However, these methods can cause harm to marine ecosystems, soil, and groundwater. Therefore, brine can be regarded as a resource to be reutilized. This work then aims to highlight the novel developments of brine application. For example, Na, Ca, and Mg in brine can be employed for carbon capture and utilization with ammonia, amines, and alkaline substances. With slight adjustment, brine can also be directly used as irrigation water, aquaculture water, and the activation of biochar. Furthermore, brine holds a higher concentration of critical elements, which makes many countries and scholars start to conduct element extraction, reducing the amount of ore exploitation. At last, the major obstacles related to these advancements in sustainability, expenses, and technological aspects are outlined, and promising research trends of brine reutilization are also suggested.

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Separation of small organic ions from salts by ion‐exchange membrane in electrodialysis

et al. 2010

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in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com).Electrodialysis (ED) can be applied in the food and fermentation industry for separating inorganic salts and organic ions from other fractions. However, the separation efficiency for small organic ions should be understood in detail. In this article, the membrane selectivity and transport mechanism of small organic ions from mixed salts by ion-exchange membranes are theoretically and experimentally investigated. First of all, the influence of current density on the solute flux (organic ions and inorganic ions) and on membrane selectivity (between organic ions and inorganic ions and between different organic ions) in ED has been studied. The selectivity was shown to be influenced by changing the applied current density. It was observed that separation of inorganic ions from organic solutes was feasible, but the selectivity was dependent on the size, charge, and functional groups of the organic ions. Furthermore, results imply that binary organic anions with larger molar mass ([130, i.e., aspartate and tartrate) can be adsorbed onto the membrane free volume and hence form a charged double layer, which affects membrane selectivity. Finally, competition between small organic and inorganic ions is discussed by comparison of the concentration profiles and current efficiencies of the different anions.

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Removal of calcium and magnesium hardness by electrodialysis

Cited by 91 publications

References 3 publications

Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

Electrodialytic desalination of brackish water: determination of optimal experimental parameters using full factorial design

Total Resource Circulation of Desalination Brine: A Review

Separation of small organic ions from salts by ion‐exchange membrane in electrodialysis

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