REMOVAL OF GAS NUCLEI FROM LIQUIDS AND SURFACES<sup>1</sup>

Hervey, E. Newton; Barnes, Danielle; McElroy, Wm. D.; Whiteley, Arthur H.; Pease, Donald C.

doi:10.1021/ja01217a505

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…However, higher pressures are required in order to obtain homogeneous nucleation. This fact is also supported by Harvey et al (1945), who reported that water compressed to about 100 MN/m2 and brought back to atmospheric pressure exhibited a very peculiar behavior: it could be heated above 473 K without eruption of vapor. Moreover, it was possible to transmit acoustic waves at high frequency without cavitation or formation of bubbles.…”

Section: Operating Conditionssupporting

confidence: 64%

Formation of gas bubbles in supersaturated solutions of gases in water

Finkelstein

Tamir

1985

AIChE Journal

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The objective of this study is to develop a model and correlate it with experimental measurements for predicting the tolerable degree of supersaturation of gas-water solutions. This model is also capable of predicting quite accurately the cavitation phenomenon in water. YEHUDA FINKELSTEIN and ABRAHAM TAMIR Department of Chemical EngineeringBen-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva, Israel SCOPEWhen the pressure of a gas over a saturated liquid solution is gradually reduced, the pressure can be significantly lowered before bubbles appear. This phenomenon occurs in many processes in nature and in engineering; however, its prediction is not possible and its mechanism is not yet clearly understood.The present research deals with the above phenomenon in the following experimental method: A pressure cell contains a small glass beaker filled with water or an aqueous solution. Gas is compressed into the cell to a desired pressure, thus saturating the water with gas. After attaining equilibrium, the pressure is gradually released and its value is recorded when bubbles first appear. The difference between the initial saturation pressure and the pressure at bubble appearance, termed "pressure difference for bubble formation" and designated by AP,, , is the key parameter associated with the phenomenon of homogeneous bubble formation.The objectives of the present study are:1. To develop a reliable method for performing experiments associated with homogeneous bubble formation.2. To advance scientific knowledge and to acquire a better understanding of homogeneous bubble nucleation by performing experiments with various gases over a wide range of pressures.3. To isolate dominant parameters governing the phenomenon, to study minutely their roles, and to establish a physical model for explanation of the phenomenon and for prediction of the pressure difference for bubbles formation in terms of measurable and known quantities.The gas-liquid systems, investigated over a pressure range of 120 MN/m2, are solutions of inert and noble gases in water and aqueous salt solutions. The gases investigated are helium, neon, nitrogen, and argon in distilled water, as well as nitrogen in aqueous solutions of cesium chloride and uranyl nitrate. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCEThe significant results obtained are as follows. 1. On release of pressure over a saturated solution of gas in water or aqueous solution, minute gas bubbles suddenly appear throughout the liquid volume. This takes place only after a certain pressure difference has been reached, typically characteristic of the gas used. 2.The pressure difference for bubble formation, AP,,, an expression for the degree of supersaturation which a solution can tolerate, has been observed to be constant. It is a distinguishing quality of the entire range of pressure, tested in experiments for each gas under investigation, with the exception of argon (which forms hydrates). The values of these pressure The characteristic pressure difference for each gas is not influenced by solution density, surfac...

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Section: Operating Conditionssupporting

confidence: 64%

Formation of gas bubbles in supersaturated solutions of gases in water

Finkelstein

Tamir

1985

AIChE Journal

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“…Then, valve 2 was closed and the conditioning vessel was isolated from the atmosphere by turning the three-way tap 10. Simultaneously, valve 3 was opened and the residual pressure in the bomb pushed the suspension from the vessel into the Ñotation column (14). The rest of the procedure was the same as that described for single bubbleÈparticle capture experiments without degassing or gassing,22 with the exception that the added clean water was Ñushed with the gas under consideration or degassed accordingly.…”

Section: Experiments In Degassed or Gassed Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dissolved gas on bubble–particle heterocoagulation

Dai¹,

Fornasiero²,

Ralston³

1998

Faraday Trans.

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“…14 Indeed, some reports of the nucleation of micrometric-size bubbles on hydrophobic surfaces were published long before. 15 However, no explanation for the very existence of long-lasting nanobubbles that considers the large Laplace pressure inside them has been advanced. Some researchers have even suggested that the observed nanobubbles in scanning probe experiments are a consequence of confinement effects or tipÀsubstrate interaction.…”

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Water−Ions Induced Nanostructuration of Hydrophobic Polymer Surfaces

2011

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When hydrophobic surfaces are in contact with water in ambient conditions a layer of reduced density is present at the interface, preventing the intimate contact between the two phases. Reducing the extent of this layer by degassing the water can have remarkable implications for the interaction between the two phases. The enhanced proximity between a hydrophobic polymer film and an aqueous solution can induce a self-assembled nanostructure on the solid surface through the development of an electro-hydrodynamic instability, due to the adsorption of the water-ions (hydronium and hydroxyl) at the interface. The self-assembled structure spontaneously relaxes back to the original flat morphology after few weeks at room temperature. This instability and the self-assembled structure are controlled by the hydrophobic surface charge, which is determined by the pH of the aqueous phase, and by the amount of gas dissolved. This effect can be easily adjusted to modify different hydrophobic polymeric substrates at the submicrometer level, opening pathways for producing controlled patterns at the nanoscale in a single simple waterborne step.

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REMOVAL OF GAS NUCLEI FROM LIQUIDS AND SURFACES¹

Abstract: from 10-20 cc. of absolute ethanol gave 1.6 g. melting 91-92°; 70% of the theoretical yield. No depression was observed in a mixed m. p. with the product obtained before.

Cited by 36 publications

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Formation of gas bubbles in supersaturated solutions of gases in water

Formation of gas bubbles in supersaturated solutions of gases in water

Influence of dissolved gas on bubble–particle heterocoagulation

Water−Ions Induced Nanostructuration of Hydrophobic Polymer Surfaces

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REMOVAL OF GAS NUCLEI FROM LIQUIDS AND SURFACES1

Abstract: from 10-20 cc. of absolute ethanol gave 1.6 g. melting 91-92°; 70% of the theoretical yield. No depression was observed in a mixed m. p. with the product obtained before.

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Formation of gas bubbles in supersaturated solutions of gases in water

Formation of gas bubbles in supersaturated solutions of gases in water

Influence of dissolved gas on bubble–particle heterocoagulation

Water−Ions Induced Nanostructuration of Hydrophobic Polymer Surfaces

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Product

Resources

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REMOVAL OF GAS NUCLEI FROM LIQUIDS AND SURFACES¹