Removal of hardness and COD from retanning treated effluent by membrane process

Viero, Aline F.; Mazzarollo, Angela; Wada, Keiko; Tessaro, Isabel Cristina

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(02)00746-4

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Inorganic components of dissolved solids are more difficult to remove by biological processes. Membrane separation (ultra-filtration) [35,36] or reverse-osmosis [37] are the treatment technologies that can be employed for TDS removal. Total Dissolved Solids were also alarmingly high in treated effluent, crossing the 2,100 mg/L limit set by the Indian regulatory authorities (Table 2).…”

Section: Bod and Cod Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Biological Approach for the Effluent Treatment of Paper Boards Industry - An Economic Perspective

Rajkumar¹

2016

J Bioremediat Biodegrad

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The environmental problems of paper board industry are not limited by the high water consumption, generate wastewaters and solid wastes. This paper presents the paper board industry effluent treatment plant components performance and physio-chemical characteristics of wastewater and sludge. In ETP operation most important factors is effluent characterization, flow rate, aeration tank dissolved oxygen (DO) level, mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS), food to micro-organism ratio (F/M), sludge volume and chemical addition for nutrients and coagulant. The result shows that the performance of effluent treatment plant based on the permissible limits prescribed by regulatory agencies and can be recycle an entire treated effluent into the board manufacturing process. The fixed capital cost was 700 lakhs-Indian Rupees (Rs.) and annual operation and maintenance cost was estimated Rs. 180 lakhs (without RO plant). Reuse of treated effluent in pulp process and sludge in sun dry board manufacturing and composting were adopted to achieve the target of sustainable development for ecological and economical gains.

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Section: Bod and Cod Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Biological Approach for the Effluent Treatment of Paper Boards Industry - An Economic Perspective

Rajkumar¹

2016

J Bioremediat Biodegrad

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“…To overcome this problem and also to use retentate sludge as manure and to reuse chromium for further use, overall leather plant effluent is divided into two parts; namely, (a) the common effluent from soaking to skin degreasing (including seven steps), is termed as effluent 1 which does not contain chromium; (b) the effluent from the tanning step which contains toxic chromium metal ions, termed as effluent 2. Treatment of effluent 2 is already discussed in the literature [8][9][10][11][12]. In this work, treatment of effluent 1 is addressed.…”

Section: Effluentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The removal and reuse of dyes from dyeing unit is also reported [7]. Treatment of the chromium rich tanning effluents using UF and NF is mostly studied [8][9][10][11][12] for the recovery and reuse of tanning chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of leather plant effluent using NF followed by RO and permeate flux prediction using artificial neural network

Purkait

Kumar

Maity

2009

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…As a result of leather industry pollution, a large number of health effects have been occurring to crops, aquatic, terrestrial biota and humans (Barnhart 1997), toxicity on Vibrio fischeri (Jochimsen and Jekel 1997) and Daphnia magna (Tisler et al 2004). To overcome these problems, various literatures have been reported for the assessment of leather industry wastewater (Zhanga and Zhang 2007), evaluation of chromium toxicity (Oral et al 2007;Scholz and Lucas 2003;Cassano et al 2001Cassano et al , 2003Meric et al 2005;Viero et al 2002), and removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (Changa et al 2009) present in the wastewater from leather industry. There are few reports on identification and treatment of organic pollutant present in leather industry wastewater (Carvalho et al 2009;Castillo et al 1999;Ganesh and Ramanujam 2009;Farre et al 2001;Schrank et al 2009;Diao et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on identification of leather industry wastewater constituents and its photocatalytic treatment

Natarajan

Bajaj

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The present research work was intended to find out the useful information on identification, separation and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds present in leather industry wastewater. The separation of organic compounds present in leather industry wastewater was carried out by solvent extraction. The separated crude extracted products were purified through column chromatography and characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer, gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer, liquid chromatographymass spectrophotometer, 1 H and 13 C Fourier-transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The elemental analysis of wastewater and solid residue was carried out by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The organic compounds such as nonadec-1-ene, 2-phenylethanol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol and other organic compounds in the leather industry wastewater were identified. Out of these organic compounds, 2-phenylethanol was photocatalytically degraded using standard Degussa P-25 TiO 2 (100 mg) photocatalyst under the irradiation of UV light. Result has been shown that 2-phenylethanol was transformed into 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol then the prolonged time (30 h) irradiation leads to 100 % degradation of 2-phenylethanol. Further possible degradation mechanism of 2-phenylethanol was proposed based on the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of degraded samples. The degradation of 2-phenylethanol was confirmed by chemical oxygen demand analysis of degraded samples. The physicochemical parameters such as pH, color, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and ionic chromatography analysis of the leather industry wastewater were also measured.

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Removal of hardness and COD from retanning treated effluent by membrane process

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

An Evaluation of Biological Approach for the Effluent Treatment of Paper Boards Industry - An Economic Perspective

An Evaluation of Biological Approach for the Effluent Treatment of Paper Boards Industry - An Economic Perspective

Treatment of leather plant effluent using NF followed by RO and permeate flux prediction using artificial neural network

Study on identification of leather industry wastewater constituents and its photocatalytic treatment

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