Removal of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> dual-species biofilms using combined enzyme-benzalkonium chloride treatments

Rodríguez-López, Pedro; Carballo-Justo, Alba; Draper, Lorraine A.; Cabo, Marta López

doi:10.1080/08927014.2016.1261847

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…To our knowledge, the effect of commercial enzymatic agents on L. monocytogenes biofilms has not been reported before. However, the results were in the same range as in two previous studies on biofilm removal using enzymes, resulting in a modest reduction of 1-2 log 10 reduction [22,34]. As stated in Section 3.2, the literature shows highly variable results for the effect of commercial alkaline cleaners on L. monocytogenes biofilms.…”

Section: Examining the Efficacy Of Enzyme-based Cleaning For Biofilm supporting

confidence: 72%

Listeria Monocytogenes Biofilm Removal Using Different Commercial Cleaning Agents

et al. 2020

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Effective cleaning and disinfection (C&D) is pivotal for the control of Listeria monocytogenes in food processing environments. Bacteria in biofilms are protected from biocidal action, and effective strategies for the prevention and removal of biofilms are needed. In this study, different C&D biofilm control strategies on pre-formed L. monocytogenes biofilms on a conveyor belt material were evaluated and compared to the effect of a conventional chlorinated, alkaline cleaner (agent A). Bacterial reductions up to 1.8 log were obtained in biofilms exposed to daily C&D cycles with normal user concentrations of alkaline, acidic, or enzymatic cleaning agents, followed by disinfection using peracetic acid. No significant differences in bactericidal effects between the treatments were observed. Seven-day-old biofilms were more tolerant to C&D than four-day-old biofilms. Attempts to optimize biofilm eradication protocols for four alkaline, two acidic, and one enzymatic cleaning agent, in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations, were evaluated. Increased concentrations, the number of subsequent treatments, the exposure times, and the temperatures of the C&D agents provided between 4.0 and >5.5 log reductions in colony forming units (CFU) for seven-day-old L. monocytogenes biofilms. Enhanced protocols of conventional and enzymatic C&D protocols have the potential for improved biofilm control, although further optimizations and evaluations are needed.

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Section: Examining the Efficacy Of Enzyme-based Cleaning For Biofilm supporting

confidence: 72%

Listeria Monocytogenes Biofilm Removal Using Different Commercial Cleaning Agents

et al. 2020

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“…This study demonstrated that the most effective treatment against mixed biofilms was the one obtained using DNase, followed by pronase and cellulase, achieving a disaggregation of 2 log CFU cm −2 . Rodríguez-López, Carballo-Justo, Draper, and Cabo (2017) followed the same line of research, showing that the sequential application of pronase first and then benzalkonium chloride at appropriate doses was a potential strategy for controlling pathogens on food contact surfaces.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Biofilm By The Culture Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Removal of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Cronobacter sakazakii biofilms from food contact surfaces through enzymatic catalysis

Ripolles‐Avila

Ríos-Castillo

Fontecha‐Umaña

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Safety

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Bacterial biofilms are highly difficult to control, hence significant economic resources have been allocated to develop strategies to eradicate them. This study evaluated the effect of an enzymatic treatment to be used as a cleaning product to control the presence of biofilms. Two different materials used in the food industry, polystyrene and stainless steel, were tested using Salmonella Typhimuirum and Cronobacter sakazakii. Biofilm formation was carried out by inoculating the surfaces with a standardized concentration of 4 log (CFU cm−2) and incubated for 48 hr with renewal of nutrients. The biofilm formation and subsequent enzymatic treatment were quantified using fluorescence microscopy and the conventional culture method. The enzymatic treatment showed significant reductions of 2–3 log (CFU cm−2) in biofilm cells, which was attributed to the degradation of the extracellular matrix and the further detachment of both microorganisms. The maximum biofilm detachment obtained with the preventive formula was 46.67%; however, this percentage could be increased by applying an aggressive treatment or by adding a subsequent disinfection step that would eliminate adhered microbial cells. Further, the enzymatic cleaning treatment could be exploited as a potent technology to control bacterial adherence and biofilm formation in the food industry.

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“…For mixed species biofilm of L. innocua FI 2 with L. plantarum PC 1.2, we showed that both strains were more resistant to all tested disinfectants than in single species, which concurs with previous work performed by, for example, Saá Ibusquiza, Cabo, and Herrera (2010), who showed the increased resistance of L. monocytogenes to BAC when grown in a co-culture with Pseudomonas putida on the stainless steel surface. In another study, L. monocytogenes exhibited an increased resistance to BAC when grown in the mixed species biofilms with Escherichia coli (Rodríguez-López, Carballo-Justo, Draper, & Cabo, 2017). Many studies suggest that interspecies interaction caused higher resistance of strains in mixed species biofilms than in single species (Millezi et al, 2012), but there are known also antagonistic interactions (Boari, Alves, Reis, Savian, & Piccoli, 2009;Rao, Webb, & Kjelleberg, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction and inactivation of Listeria and Lactobacillus cells in single and mixed species biofilms exposed to different disinfectants

Kocot

Olszewska

2019

Journal of Food Safety

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Listeria spp. are ubiquitously found in both the natural and the food processing environment, of which Listeria monocytogenes is of an important health risk. Here, we report on the formation of single and mixed species biofilms of L. monocytogenes/Listeria innocua and Lactobacillus plantarum strains in 24‐well polystyrene microtiter plates and on the inactivation of 24‐hr and 72‐hr biofilms using quaternary ammonium compound‐, tertiary alkyl amine‐, and chlorine‐based disinfectants. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and LIVE/DEAD BacLight staining were applied for 72‐hr L. innocua–L. plantarum mixed biofilms in the LabTek system for the species identification and the reaction of biofilm cells to disinfectants, respectively. L. monocytogenes/L. innocua were more resistant to disinfectants in 72‐hr than in 24‐hr biofilms, whereas L. plantarum strains did not show any significant differences between 72‐hr and 24‐hr biofilms. Furthermore, L. innocua when grown with L. plantarum was more resistant to all disinfection treatments, indicating a protective effect from lactobacilli in the mixed species biofilm. The biofilm formation and reaction to disinfectants, microscopically verified using fluorescence in situ hybridization and LIVE/DEAD staining, showed that L. innocua and L. plantarum form a dense mixed biofilm and also suggested the shielding effect of L. plantarum on L. innocua in the mixed species biofilm.

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Removal of Listeria monocytogenes dual-species biofilms using combined enzyme-benzalkonium chloride treatments

Abstract: Type of publicationArticle (peer-reviewed)

Cited by 39 publications

References 74 publications

Listeria Monocytogenes Biofilm Removal Using Different Commercial Cleaning Agents

Listeria Monocytogenes Biofilm Removal Using Different Commercial Cleaning Agents

Removal of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Cronobacter sakazakii biofilms from food contact surfaces through enzymatic catalysis

Interaction and inactivation of Listeria and Lactobacillus cells in single and mixed species biofilms exposed to different disinfectants

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