“…[3][4][5] Metals can be distinguished from other toxic pollutants, since they undergo chemical transformations, are non-biodegradable, and have great environmental, economic, and public health impacts. 6,7 The chitosan (CTS) biopolymer has proved to be an effective transition metal ion adsorber. Chitin/chitosans, which are unique even among polysaccharides, contain amino groups as constituent carbohydrate units, so that their use in conjunction with chemical crosslinking agents such as isocyanates, aldehydes, and carbodiimides in wound dressings, anti-adhesion materials, and metal ion absorbents has been studied.…”