Removal of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes from swine wastewater: a comparison between polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyaluminum sulfate (LST), and aluminum hydroxide iron (LT)

Removal of antibiotic resistance genes during livestock wastewater treatment processes: Review and prospects

“…Under the action of a coagulation, the suspended solids present in wastewater are aggregated into larger particles and precipitate, thereby removing many suspended solids from the wastewater and achieving wastewater treatment. Chemical coagulants include polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfate, aluminum hydroxide iron, polyferric chloride and ferric chloride ( 44 , 45 ). Studies have shown that treatment by coagulation and sedimentation provide successful removal of most ARGs in wastewater and that the abundance of ARGs can be reduced by 0.5–4.7 log ( 46 , 47 ).…”