Removal of Organic Dyes from Industrial Effluents: An Overview of Physical and Biotechnological Applications

Ejder‐Korucu, Mehtap; Gürses, Ahmet; Doğar, Çetin; Sharma, Sanjay K.; Açıkyıldız, Metin

doi:10.1002/9781118721001.ch1

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Synthetic dyes have been irreplaceable in almost every industry and are often present in industrial effluents. The discharge of poorly treated or untreated dye-loaded industrial effluents into the natural recipients (i.e., the aquatic ecosystem) significantly affects the physical and chemical properties of their water [2]. Furthermore, even a minimal concentration of dyes can adversely affect the flora and fauna of the natural recipient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many synthetic dyes have been reported as toxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic [3,4]. Given the complex chemical structures and the application requirements for dyes, they show stability to heat, light, and oxidation and recalcitrance towards microbial degradation [2]. The efficiency of conventional biological wastewater treatment systems for dye removal is usually very low [5], which results in their accumulation and persistence in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, adsorption is still the most commonly used method, especially on a large-scale [6], because of its versatility, ease of use, and efficiency. Activated carbon, the most frequently used adsorbent for dye removal, efficiently removes cationic, mordant, and acid dyes, while its efficiency for dispersed, direct, vat, and reactive dyes is slightly lower [2]. Often the main drawback of commercially available activated carbons is their price and problems with regeneration, i.e., regeneration is not straightforward and may result in reduced adsorption capacity [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Waste to Biosorbent: Removal of Congo Red from Water by Waste Wood Biomass

Stjepanović

Velić

Galić

et al. 2021

Water

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The aim of the study was to screen the waste wood biomass of 10 wood species as biosorbents for synthetic dye Congo Red (CR) removal from water and to single out the most efficient species for further batch biosorption experiments. Euroamerican poplar (EP), the most efficient species achieving 71.8% CR removal and biosorption capacity of 3.3 mg g−1, was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Different factors affecting the biosorption process were investigated: initial biosorbent concentration (1–10 g dm−3), contact time (5–360 min), initial CR concentration (10–100 mg dm−3), and the initial pH (pH = 4–9). The results showed that CR removal efficiency increased with the increase of biosorbent concentration and contact time. Increase of initial CR concentration led to an increase of the biosorption capacity, but also a decrease of CR removal efficiency. The highest CR removal efficiency was achieved at pH = 4, while at pH = 9 a significant decrease was noticed. The percentage of CR removal from synthetic wastewater was 18.6% higher than from model CR solution. The Langmuir model fitted well the biosorption data, with the maximum biosorption capacity of 8 mg g−1. The kinetics data were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetics model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Waste to Biosorbent: Removal of Congo Red from Water by Waste Wood Biomass

Stjepanović

Velić

Galić

et al. 2021

Water

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“…Various types of dyes that are used in leather, food processing, cosmetics, paper and pulp, dye manufacturing industries, rubber and printing industries pass into effluents running out of these industries. About 50% of the dyes used in textile industries alone go into the effluent [1]. These residual dyes are quite stable in the aquatic system and potentially hazardous to the environment and aquatic life as these interrupt light penetration, gas solubility and phytoplankton's photosynthesis [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorptive removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye from its aqueous solution by activated charcoal of Thuja orientalis leaves: an eco-friendly approach

et al. 2020

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Anthraquinone dyes are one of the major water pollutants due to their stability and persistence in the aquatic system. The present study describes the use of activated charcoal prepared from Thuja orientalis leaves (ACTOL) as an adsorbent to remove reactive anthraquinone dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) from its aqueous solution. In this work, leaves of the plant were carbonated to get fine charcoal which was activated by acid treatment and analysed by BET, SEM and FTIR techniques. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of pH, contact time, concentration and amount of adsorbent on the removal of RBBR in the concentration range 0.1-6.65 m mol L −1 . The highest efficiency was found to be 81% at pH 6 and contact time of 300 min. Adsorption data were analysed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The adsorption was found to follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm (R 2 = 0.9972). The kinetic study of the process was done by analysing the time adsorption data with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models, and it was found to obey pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorbent showed 73% of efficiency even after four regeneration cycles. FTIR analysis revealed that the various groups present at the surface of adsorbent were responsible for uptake of dye molecules. This study reveals that leaves of Thuja orientalis, a common biowaste, can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of RBBR dye from its aqueous solution. It provides an economical and eco-friendly way to mitigate the waste and use it as an adsorbent.

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“…These dyes give an undesirable colour to the water body, reducing the sunlight penetration and influencing the photochemical and biological activities of aquatic life [2]. Dye molecules present several chemical structures and, depending on functional groups of their chromophore, are classified as azo, anthraquinone, styryl, acridine, nitro, nitroso, benzodifuranone, diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, azine, xanthene, cyanine, phthalocyanine, hemicyanine, diazahemicyanine, triarylmethane, stilbene, or oxazine dyes [2]. However, the azo compound class accounts for about 65-70% of all classes of dyes [3], and the azo dyes are the most common synthetic molecules released into the environment.…”

Section: Textile Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of an Azo Textile Dye from Wastewater by Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers

Semeraro¹,

Gabaldón²,

Fini³

et al. 2018

Cyclodextrin - A Versatile Ingredient

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Native cyclodextrins (CDs), α-, β-and γ-CDs, were employed to synthetise three different cyclodextrin-based polymers using epichlorohydrin (EPI) as a cross-linker. These polymers were applied as adsorbent material to remove an azo textile dye, Direct Blue 78 (DB78), from water. The formation of inclusion complexes between the alone CDs and DB78 molecules were first studied in aqueous solutions. Then, adsorption experiments of the dye were performed by means of cyclodextrin/epichlorohydrin (CD/EPI) polymers. The effects of various parameters, such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature, were examined to determine the better adsorption conditions. The equilibrium isotherms and the adsorption kinetics were also analysed using opportune mathematic models. The chemical-physical characteristics and the morphology of the adsorbent polymers were, respectively, observed by differential scanning calorimetry and field emission scanning electron microscope. The CD/EPI polymers showed a very good ability in the removal of DB78 from aqueous solution; indeed, the maximum efficiencies in the dye removal were found to be about 99% for β-CD/EPI polymer and about 97% for γ-CD/EPI polymer, at pH 6 and 25°C conditions. It is possible to assume that the good adsorbent aptitude of CD/EPI polymers is due to their double peculiarity to include the dye in the inner cavity of CDs and to adsorb the dye on their porous surfaces by physical interaction.

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Removal of Organic Dyes from Industrial Effluents: An Overview of Physical and Biotechnological Applications

Cited by 22 publications

References 154 publications

From Waste to Biosorbent: Removal of Congo Red from Water by Waste Wood Biomass

From Waste to Biosorbent: Removal of Congo Red from Water by Waste Wood Biomass

Adsorptive removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye from its aqueous solution by activated charcoal of Thuja orientalis leaves: an eco-friendly approach

Removal of an Azo Textile Dye from Wastewater by Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers

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