Removal of pathogenic microorganisms in pilot‐scale UASB‐septic tanks and Albireh urban wastewater treatment plant in Palestine

Samhan, Subhi; Al-Sa’ed, Rashed; Mahmoud, Nidal

doi:10.1080/02508060.2007.9671999

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Samhan and Al-Sa’ed [1] reported negative removal efficiency of microbial pathogens of anaerobically pretreated municipal effluent. Fecal streptococcus is considered as a pathogenic indicator for agricultural reuse purposes, since fecal streptococcus infection on the area of mouth and throat and it is normal flora on the stomach and intestinal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogens Assessment in Reclaimed Effluent Used for Industrial Crops Irrigation

Al-Sa’ed

2007

IJERPH

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Reuse of treated effluent is a highly valued water source in Palestine, however with limited success due to public health concerns. This paper assesses the potential pathogens in raw, treated and reclaimed wastewater at Albireh urban wastewater treatment facility, and provides scientific knowledge to update the Palestinian reuse guidelines. Laboratory analyses of collected samples over a period of 4 months have indicated that the raw wastewater from Albireh city contained high numbers of fecal coliforms and worm eggs while 31% of the samples were Salmonella positive. Treated effluent suitable for restricted irrigation demonstrated that the plant was efficient in removing indicator bacteria, where fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci removal averaged 99.64% and 93.44%, respectively. Although not disinfected, treated effluent was free of Salmonella and parasites, hence safe for restricted agricultural purposes. All samples of the reclaimed effluent and three samples of irrigated grass were devoid of microbial pathogens indicating a safe use in unrestricted agricultural utilization. Adequate operation of wastewater treatment facilities, scientific updating of reuse guidelines and launching public awareness campaigns are core factors for successful and sustainable large-scale wastewater reuse schemes in Palestine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogens Assessment in Reclaimed Effluent Used for Industrial Crops Irrigation

Al-Sa’ed

2007

IJERPH

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“…Based on 16S rRNA gene analyses, these processes are associated with different microbes (nitrite oxidation bacteria) that express functional genes (copper-containing nitrite reductase, nitrous oxide reductase, sulfate reductase) enabling the removal of toxins, contaminants and some nutrients [7,10]. In addition, several studies have reported that decentralized systems e ciently reduce pathogens, including bacteria (Salmonella and E. coli) [11], protozoans (Giardia spp.) [12], helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides) [13], hookworms (Strongyloides stercoralis) and trophozoites (Trichomonas and Enterobius vermicularis) [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, several studies have reported that decentralized systems e ciently reduce pathogens, including bacteria (Salmonella and E. coli) [11], protozoans (Giardia spp.) [12], helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides) [13], hookworms (Strongyloides stercoralis) and trophozoites (Trichomonas and Enterobius vermicularis) [11]. Therefore, adequate wastewater treatment systems that produce safe treated wastewater for reuse and resources, whether centralized or decentralized, are crucial for further recovery, reuse and recycling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Site Blackwater Treatment Fosters Microbial Groups and Functions to Efficiently and Robustly Recover Carbon and Nutrients

Kuramae

Dimitrov

Silva

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Wastewater is considered as a renewable resource water and energy. An advantage of decentralized sanitation systems is the separation of the blackwater (BW) stream, which is highly contaminated with human pathogens, from the remaining household water. However, the composition and functions of the microbial community in BW are not known. In this study, we used shotgun metagenomics to assess the dynamics of microbial community structure and function throughout a new BW anaerobic digestion system installed at The Netherlands Institute of Ecology. Samples from the influent (BW), primary effluent (anaerobic digested BW), sludge and final effluent of the pilot upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and microalgae pilot tubular photobioreactor (PBR) were analyzed.Results: Our results showed a decrease in microbial richness and diversity followed by a decrease in functional complexity and co-occurrence along the different modules of the bioreactor. The microbial diversity and function decrease were reflected both changes in substrate composition and wash conditions. The most prevalent core functions in influent (BW) were related to metabolism of carbohydrates, response to chemicals and drugs, and nitrogen. The core functions in anaerobic digested BW and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor were related to response to stress, viral processes and iron-sulfur metabolism. Methanogenesis-related functions were most abundant in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. Effluent from tubular photobioreactor presented high abundances of functions related to nitrogen utilization, metal ion binding and antibiotic biosynthetic processes. Interestingly, the abundance of sequences related to ‘pathogenesis’ decreased from influent BW to SP1 to effluent from tubular photobioreactor. Our wastewater treatment system also decreased potential microbial functions related to pathogenesis. Conclusions: The new sanitation system studied here fosters microbial groups and functions that allow the system to efficiently and robustly recover carbon and nutrients while reducing pathogenic groups, ultimately generating a final effluent safe for discharge and reuse.

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“…The stabilization pond was reported to reduce 84% of total coliform, 96% of faecal coliform and 89% of enterococci (Reinosoa et al 2008). The reduction efficacies of faecal indicator bacteria by the septic tank and oxidation pond were reported to be 15 and 38% for FC and 11 and 16% for FS, respectively (Samhan et al 2007). …”

Section: Disinfection Processes Of Sewage-treated Effluentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of pathogenic bacteria from sewage-treated effluent and biosolids for agricultural purposes

et al. 2018

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The reuse of treated sewage for irrigation is considered as an important alternative water source in the new water management strategy of the countries that face a severe deficiency of water resources such as the Middle East countries. The organic material and fertilizing elements contained in biosolids are essential for maintaining soil fertility. However, both treated sewage and biosolids contain a large diversity of pathogens that would be transmitted to the environment and infect human directly or indirectly. Therefore, those pathogens should be reduced from the treated sewage and biosolids before the reuse in the agriculture. This paper reviews the considerations for reuse of treated sewage and biosolids in agriculture and further treatments used for reduction of pathogenic bacteria. The treatment methods used for the reduction of pathogens in these wastes have reviewed. It appeared that the main concern associated with the reduction of pathogenic bacteria lies in their ability to regrow in the treated sewage and biosolids. Therefore, the effective treatment method is that it has the potential to destruct pathogens cells and remove the nutrients to prevent the regrowth or recontamination from the surrounded environment. The removal of nutrients might be applicable in the sewage but not in the biosolids due to high nutrient contents. However, the reduction of health risk in the biosolids might be carried out by regulating the biosolid utilization and selecting the plant species grown in the fertilized soil with biosolids.

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Removal of pathogenic microorganisms in pilot‐scale UASB‐septic tanks and Albireh urban wastewater treatment plant in Palestine

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Pathogens Assessment in Reclaimed Effluent Used for Industrial Crops Irrigation

Pathogens Assessment in Reclaimed Effluent Used for Industrial Crops Irrigation

On-Site Blackwater Treatment Fosters Microbial Groups and Functions to Efficiently and Robustly Recover Carbon and Nutrients

Removal of pathogenic bacteria from sewage-treated effluent and biosolids for agricultural purposes

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