Removal of point-of-sale tobacco displays in Bogor city, Indonesia: A spatial analysis

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Indonesia contributes over 61 million smokers to global tobacco users, and the smoking prevalence is increasing among young people. In October 2017, Bogor city started the ban on tobacco displays at point-of-sale (POS), starting with modern cigarette retailers. This study aims to assess compliance with the ban and the visibility of POS with tobacco displays around educational facilities. METHODS We included 266 modern retailers surveyed throughout the city during November and December 2017. Compliance indicators included no tobacco product displays, advertisements, promotions, and sponsorship. We conducted spatial and quantitative analyses in ArcMap 10.6 and Stata 15.1, respectively. RESULTS Immediately following the ban, the compliance with all four criteria was high (83%). However, POS in areas with higher population density and poverty rates had significantly lower compliance. We also found that the ban reduced the visibility of tobacco displays around schools and universities. CONCLUSIONS Compliance with the ban was high, which helped to reduce the visibility of tobacco displays around educational facilities.

The geographic distribution of retail tobacco outlets in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

“…Our findings are mostly consistent with previous prevalence studies of retail tobacco outlets and tobacco advertisements in Indonesia. Studies in Bali [23], East Java [24,35] and West Java [25] report that physical tobacco availability is high and that most urban residents live very close to outlets and/or advertisements. In particular, some such studies document that tobacco outlets and tobacco advertisements are common around schools [23,24].…”

“…Dewi et al [24] mapped 770 tobacco outlets in Banyuwangi, East Java, and found that all schools in the district had at least one outlet within 250 m. Other research has considered associations between neighbourhood socio-economic conditions and tobacco outlet characteristics. Priyono et al [25] found that 221 (83%) of 266 retailers complied with a 2017 ban on point-of-sale advertising in Bogor, West Java, and that compliance was lower in areas with higher population density and more poverty. Despite these important contributions, it is not clear how tobacco outlets are geographically distributed in Indonesia in relation to social and physical environmental characteristics, and whether specific populations are targeted by different manufacturers (e.g.…”

Opportunities and Challenges of Tobacco Control Policy at District Level in Indonesia: A Qualitative Analysis

“…In fact, this was exactly what the government of Bogor City did (i.e. adding the OTA ban and display ban into the existing SFP regulation) (Priyono et al, 2020). Another potential opportunity is to start the bans in more limited areas such as around schools.…”

“…However, national regulations to ban outdoor tobacco advertisement (OTA) and tobacco product display at the point-of-sale (POS) are nonexistent. Consequently, only a handful districts in the country (approximately 10% of districts by 2018) have piloted or implemented the bans, including Bogor City (Priyono et al, 2020). The city government initially focused on effective implementation of SFP and reached high compliance by 2014 (No Tobacco Community, 2014).…”

“…Then, it banned new permits of OTA during 2014-2015 and enacted the ban of tobacco displays at POS in 2017. The ban, which started among modern chain retailers, included covering tobacco products and removing posters at POS (Priyono et al, 2020). Similarly, the neighboring Depok City implemented OTA ban in 2018 and piloted display ban in 2019 (Government of Depok City, 2020).…”