Renal ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) Expression Is Modulated by Dietary Fiber Intake, Gut Microbiota, and Their Metabolites

Snelson, Matthew; Muralitharan, Rikeish R.; Dinakis, Evany; Nakai, Michael; Jama, Hamdi; Shihata, Waled A.; Johnson, Chad; Kaye, D.; Mackay, Charles R.; Burrell, Louise M; Coughlan, Melinda T.; Marques, Francine Z.

doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17039

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…and colonic acetate were mostly absorbed by the brain, heart and liver [41]. Moreover, transcriptomic analyses of 3-week administration of a high-RS diet and acetate in the drinking water showed downregulation of the renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system (RAAS) and interleukin (IL)-1β in the kidney, and downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and transformation of growth factor β (TGFβ) signalling in the heart, providing evidence for a gut-cardiorenal communication [9 and protein levels of renal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via GPR41/43/109A signalling [42]. Recent evidence showed even maternal dietary fibre modulated the molecular and cellular composition of the adult offspring's heart [43].…”

Section: Scfas Mediate Downstream Effects Outside the Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

How Dietary Fibre, Acting via the Gut Microbiome, Lowers Blood Pressure

Marques

2022

Curr Hypertens Rep

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Purpose of Review To discuss the interplay behind how a high-fibre diet leads to lower blood pressure (BP) via the gut microbiome. Recent Findings Compelling evidence from meta-analyses support dietary fibre prevents the development of cardiovascular disease and reduces BP. This relation is due to gut microbial metabolites, called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), derived from fibre fermentation. The SCFAs acetate, propionate and butyrate lower BP in independent hypertensive models. Mechanisms are diverse but still not fully understood—for example, they include G protein-coupled receptors, epigenetics, immune cells, the renin-angiotensin system and vasculature changes. Lack of dietary fibre leads to changes to the gut microbiota that drive an increase in BP. The mechanisms involved are unknown. Summary The intricate interplay between fibre, the gut microbiota and SCFAs may represent novel therapeutic approaches for high BP. Other gut microbiota-derived metabolites, produced when fibre intake is low, may hold potential therapeutic applications. Further translational evidence is needed.

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Section: Scfas Mediate Downstream Effects Outside the Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

How Dietary Fibre, Acting via the Gut Microbiome, Lowers Blood Pressure

Marques

2022

Curr Hypertens Rep

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“…In terms of gut microbiota, the patient presented with an increased intestinal flora diversity after FMT, accompanied by an increase of Clostridium_symbiosum, a bacterium whose abundance is positively correlated with renal ACE2 expression ( 10 ). Yet, ACE2 deficiency is associated with renal impairment, renal fibrosis, and other kidney-related diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Capsule as a Therapeutic Strategy in IgA Nephropathy: A Brief Report

et al. 2022

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In this brief report, we reported an IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patient who presented in November 2020 with an acute exacerbation with massive proteinuria and diarrhea. He had the earliest onset in 2018 when his IgAN was diagnosed by renal biopsy. He has been treated with active ACEI/ARB drugs for more than 90 days, intermittent steroid therapy, combined with anti-infective therapy. Although his acute symptoms resolved with each episode, he became increasingly severe as the interval between episodes shortened. Accordingly, the immunosuppressive drugs were administered under the KDIGO guidelines and related guidelines. However, the patient and his family refused this treatment. We pondered over the possible pathogenesis of IgAN, and after a full discussion with the patient and his family, FMT was administered to him after obtaining his informed consent. During the FMT procedure, one healthy volunteer (the doctor himself) also took the FMT capsules. In the end, the patient’s urine protein dropped significantly and even turned negative after treatment. Neither the patient nor the healthy volunteer experienced any serious adverse effects during the use of the capsules and the subsequent 6-month follow-up period. We also used metagenomic sequencing to analyze the intestinal flora of patients before and after treatment, and a gradual increase stood out in the abundance of the patient’s intestinal flora after drug administration.

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“…Based on several human and animal studies, there is evidence that long term dietary supplements can modulate the gut microbiota to ameliorate hypertension. Examples include dietary fibre ( Marques et al, 2017 ; Snelson et al, 2021 ; Xue et al, 2021 ), extra virgin oil ( Hidalgo et al, 2018 ), some herbs ( Panyod et al, 2021 ) and garlic oil among others ( Hsu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Nutrition and Dietary Factors Modulating Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension

et al. 2023

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The human gut microbiota environment is constantly changing and some specific changes influence the host’s metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine functions. Emerging evidence of the gut microbiota’s role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including hypertension is remarkable. There is evidence showing that alterations in the gut microbiota and especially the gut-dependant metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide is associated with hypertension. However, there is a scarcity of literature addressing the role of trimethylamine N-oxide in hypertension pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the impact of the gut microbiota and gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N-oxide in the pathogenesis of hypertension. We present evidence from both human and animal studies and further discuss new insights relating to potential therapies for managing hypertension by altering the gut microbiota.

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Renal ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) Expression Is Modulated by Dietary Fiber Intake, Gut Microbiota, and Their Metabolites

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

How Dietary Fibre, Acting via the Gut Microbiome, Lowers Blood Pressure

How Dietary Fibre, Acting via the Gut Microbiome, Lowers Blood Pressure

Fecal Capsule as a Therapeutic Strategy in IgA Nephropathy: A Brief Report

Gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension

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