Renal Effects in Children Living in the Vicinity of a Lead Smelter

Renal Effects of Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure

“…In a recent survey of the District of Columbia, high concentrations of lead were found in soil samples from inner-city areas, and lead-based paint was found to be the main source of lead in soil dust (18). That lead-contaminated dust is a major determinant of lead concentrations in blood has been confirmed by studies showing a direct relationship between blood lead levels and lead concentrations in the ground (19). Campbell et al (20) found a highly significant correlation between lead concentrations in drinking water and blood lead concentrations in 293 people living in Scotland where the water lead levels were >100 pg/l (4.83 pmol/l).…”

“…Bernard et al (19) studied children recruited from two schools in the vicinity of a lead smelter, with children from a rural area used as controls. Urinary excretion of retinol binding protein was elevated in children from the polluted areas and correlated with blood lead levels.…”

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

“…Most of these studies are of adults whose exposures were of occupational origin; however, a few environmental and/or mixed exposures are represented and a few studies of children are also included (Bernard et al 1995;Fels et al 1998;Verberk et al 1996). In most of these studies, PbB was the biomarker for exposure, although more recent epidemiological studies have explored associations between toxicity and bone lead concentrations.…”

Lead induced overactivation of phagocytes and variation in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in intestinal macrophages of <i>Channa punctatus</i>

“…Particularly in the 20th century, countless thousands of organic trace pollutants have been produced and in part released into the environment [5]. Lead intoxication is associated with several pathological conditions in children and adults and causes disturbances to the nervous and immune systems, anemia and reduced hemoglobin synthesis, cardiovascular diseases and bone metabolism, and also renal and reproductive dysfunction [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”