Renal heterotransplantation in man

Reemtsma, K; McCracken, Brian H.; Schlegel, J.U.; Hewitt, Reiko; Flinner, Robert L.; Creech, Oscar; Pearl, Manuel; Pearce, Catharine; Dewitt, Charles W.; Smith, Philip E.

doi:10.1097/00006534-196502000-00036

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…These data show that primates and especially chimpanzees would be the ideal source of organs for man in terms of histocompatibility. This was proven in one of the first clinical xenotransplantations reported by Reemtsma et al [2]. But several mayor obstacles prohibit the use of nonhuman primates as organ source.…”

Section: Choice Of Source Animalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Xenotransplantation: Perspectives and Limits

Hammer¹

2001

Blood Purif

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Xenotransplantation faces the dilemma of an unlimited supply of cells, tissues and organs on the one hand and severe obstacles and limits on the other. One reason for the limitations is that the source animal of choice, the pig, and the human recipient separated 90 million years ago during evolution, a time in which biological characteristics such as anatomy, physiology and immunology have had much time to drift far apart. The acceptance of such an evolutionary widely divergent organ, especially the heart of a pig, could evoke refusal of xenotransplantation in conservative and religious patients. New legal aspects of allocation of xenografts have therefore to be reflected upon and appropriate guidelines developed. Inquiries show, however, that the acceptance of all types of porcine organs would be high if the quality of life after receiving such a xenograft is comparable to that after receiving the same allograft. This individual benefit of a xenograft could lead to a disregard of the collective risk in terms of xenozoonoses, often presented as a catastrophic scenarium. Therefore, transplantation societies and ethics committees have published comments and even guidelines for handling future clinical xenotransplantation. All three monotheistic religions and Hinduism support the idea of saving and improving human life with the help of an animal organ.

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Section: Choice Of Source Animalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Xenotransplantation: Perspectives and Limits

Hammer¹

2001

Blood Purif

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“…Solid organ transplants, attempted in the 20th century, had one or two successes, again mainly in concordant transplants. Reemtsma and colleagues reported patients surviving up to nine months after kidney transplants from a chimpanzee 7 . They also showed that acute cellular rejection could be reversed by high doses of steroids.…”

Section: The Early Days Of Xenotransplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenotransplantation: where are we today?

Dooldeniya

Warrens

2003

JRSM

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“…However, at the beginning of the 1960s, the explosion of renal allotransplantation due to 6-mercaptopurine and other drugs [6] renewed interest in the use of animals for human transplantation. Keith Reemtsma [7] at Tulane University in New Orleans late in 1963 employed chimpanzees as donor, causing the field of primate-to-human transplantation to develop. While none of these effects achieved 1-year graft or patient survival, they did come close in some cases, showing that xenogeneic transplantation is feasible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenotransplantation in the 21st Century

Perico¹,

Benigni²

2002

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Xenotransplantation, i.e. transplantation across species, is increasingly being viewed a potential solution to the problem of severe shortage of transplant donors. Clinical application of xenotransplantation is, however, limited in large part by the pre-eminent hurdle of the immune response of the recipient against the graft. This immunologic reaction is mediated initially by natural xenoreactive antibodies, complement and natural killer cells, and later by elicited humoral and cellular immune responses that ultimately lead to graft failure. Progress in understanding the cellular and molecular basis of xenograft rejection has characterized the past few years. Additional hurdles to xenotransplantation include physiologic incompatibility of the transplant and the risk of infections. The recent development of novel strategies to overcome xenograft rejection has brought about great optimism that xenotransplantation may be attainable in the near future.

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Renal heterotransplantation in man

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

Xenotransplantation: Perspectives and Limits

Xenotransplantation: Perspectives and Limits

Xenotransplantation: where are we today?

Xenotransplantation in the 21st Century

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