Renal tissue alterations were size-dependent with smaller ones induced more effects and related with time exposure of gold nanoparticles

Abdelhalim, Mohamed Anwar K; Jarrar, Bashir M.

doi:10.1186/1476-511x-10-163

Cited by 60 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Apoptotic alteration might be followed by organelles swelling, specially mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and rupture of lysosomes which might lead to amorphous eosinophilic cytoplasm as an initial sign in the sequence of hepatocytes necrosis before shrinking and dissolution of nuclei [13, 14]. The seen hepatocytes necrosis due to GNPs exposure might indicate oxidative stress on these cells by glutathione depletion [16, 17]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles in Several Rat Organs after Intraperitoneal AdministrationIn Vivo: A Fluorescence Study

Abdelhalim

2013

BioMed Research International

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Background. The gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have potential applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In an attempt to characterise the potential toxicity or hazards of GNPs as a therapeutic or diagnostic tool, the fluorescence spectra in several rat organs in vivo were measured after intraperitoneal administration of GNPs. Methods. The experimental rats were divided into control and six groups (G1A, G1B, G2A, G2B, G3A, and G3B; G1: 20 nm; G2: 10 nm; G3: 50 nm; A: infusion of GNPs for 3 days; B: infusion of GNPs for 7 days). The fluorescence measurements were investigated in the liver, kidney, heart, and lung organs of rats after intraperitoneal administration of GNPs for periods of 3 and 7 days in vivo. Results. The 10 and 20 nm GNPs exhibited spherical morphology shape, while the 50 nm GNPs exhibited hexagonal shape. A sharp decrease in the fluorescence intensity induced with the larger 50 nm GNPs in the liver, kidney, heart, and lung organs of rats at the exposure duration of 3 and 7 days in vivo compared with the smaller 10 and 20 nm GNPs was observed. Conclusions. The decrease in fluorescence intensity may be attributed to occurrence of strong quenching, decrease in number and surface area of GNPs, and high clearance of GNPs via urine and bile. Moreover, decreasing size may lead to an exponential increase in surface area relative to volume, thus making GNPs surface more reactive on aggregation and to its surrounding biological components. The size, shape, surface area, number, and clearance of GNPs play a key role in toxicity and accumulation in the different rat organs. This study demonstrates that fluorescence peak intensity is particle size and exposure duration dependent. This study suggests that fluorescence intensity can be used as a useful tool for pointing to bioaccumulation and toxicity induced by GNPs in the different rat organs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles in Several Rat Organs after Intraperitoneal AdministrationIn Vivo: A Fluorescence Study

Abdelhalim

2013

BioMed Research International

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“…Propolis subjection improved glomerular, intertubular, and interstitial capillary dilatation induced by GNPs. This might indicate potential capability of propolis to suppress glomerular filtration surface and interstitial renal capillary expansion related to its ability to prevent lipid peroxidation by activation of some antioxidant enzymes 14,17,29 . Several studies reported that propolis could protect the mitochondria and cellular macromolecules against oxidative damage [32][33][34] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GNPs demonstrated oxidative stress and macromolecules interaction that could result in histocytotoxicity [9][10][11] . Some research works showed that GNPs with a size of of 5-20 nm were more toxic and had long time accumulation than the larger ones in the vital organs including the kidney [12][13][14] . The kidneys receive high blood flow and have high exposure to small GNPs with long circulating residue than the larger ones 9,15,16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of propolis against histological alterations in renal tissue induced by gold nanoparticles

Al‐Μansour¹,

Alferah²,

Jarrar³

2016

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:Male albino Wistar rats were exposed to 10 nm gold nanoparticles at a dose of 2000 µg/kg together with or without propolis (50 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days. Fresh renal biopsies from of all investigated rats were cut rapidly, fixed in neutral buffered formalin, subjected to histological processing, and examined for microanatomical alterations. Propolis gave full protection against glomerular congestion and renal tubule hyaline casts. It demonstrated partial amelioration against glomerular capillary dilatation, tubular cloudy swelling, necrosis, and degeneration together with interstitial blood capillaries dilatation and haemorrhage induced by nanoparticle toxicity. On the other hand, propolis showed no protective effect against renal cells pyknosis, karyolysis, apoptosis and renal hydropic degeneration together with collecting tubules atrophy and degeneration induced by the nanoparticles. Thus propolis can augment the antioxidant defence against the severity of some alterations in the renal tissues. This ameliorative role might be related to the antioxidants content of propolis that protect the renal tissues from free radicals and oxidative stress.

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“…Abdelhalim and Jarrar clearly observed damage to proximal tubular epithelial cells in rats exposed to GNPs. 34,35 Furthermore, numerous metallic nanoparticles are selective nephrotoxicants that preferentially accumulate in the kidneys, further to induce renal injury. [36][37][38][39] It has been known for some time that chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are often accompanied by hypoxic, which may play an important pathogenic role in the development of renal damage; 40 whereas, no study has been performed concerning GNP interactions with hypoxic kidney cells, especially proximal tubules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overendocytosis of gold nanoparticles increases autophagy and apoptosis in hypoxic human renal proximal tubular cells

Fan¹,

Li²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Background Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) can potentially be used in biomedical fields ranging from therapeutics to diagnostics, and their use will result in increased human exposure. Many studies have demonstrated that GNPs can be deposited in the kidneys, particularly in renal tubular epithelial cells. Chronic hypoxic is inevitable in chronic kidney diseases, and it results in renal tubular epithelial cells that are susceptible to different types of injuries. However, the understanding of the interactions between GNPs and hypoxic renal tubular epithelial cells is still rudimentary. In the present study, we characterized the cytotoxic effects of GNPs in hypoxic renal tubular epithelial cells. Results Both 5 nm and 13 nm GNPs were synthesized and characterized using various biophysical methods, including transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. We detected the cytotoxicity of 5 and 13 nm GNPs (0, 1, 25, and 50 nM) to human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2) by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase release assay, but we just found the toxic effect in the 5 nm GNP-treated cells at 50 nM dose under hypoxic condition. Furthermore, the transmission electron microscopy images revealed that GNPs were either localized in vesicles or free in the lysosomes in 5 nm GNPs-treated HK-2 cells, and the cellular uptake of the GNPs in the hypoxic cells was significantly higher than that in normoxic cells. In normoxic HK-2 cells, 5 nm GNPs (50 nM) treatment could cause autophagy and cell survival. However, in hypoxic conditions, the GNP exposure at the same condition led to the production of reactive oxygen species, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM), and an increase in apoptosis and autophagic cell death. Conclusion/significance Our results demonstrate that renal tubular epithelial cells presented different responses under normoxic and hypoxic environments, which provide an important basis for understanding the risks associated with GNP use–especially for the potential GNP-related therapies in chronic kidney disease patients.

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Renal tissue alterations were size-dependent with smaller ones induced more effects and related with time exposure of gold nanoparticles

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles in Several Rat Organs after Intraperitoneal AdministrationIn Vivo: A Fluorescence Study

Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles in Several Rat Organs after Intraperitoneal AdministrationIn Vivo: A Fluorescence Study

Protective role of propolis against histological alterations in renal tissue induced by gold nanoparticles

Overendocytosis of gold nanoparticles increases autophagy and apoptosis in hypoxic human renal proximal tubular cells

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