Renoprotective effect of Erdosteine in rats against gentamicin nephrotoxicity: a comparison of 99mTc-DMSA uptake with biochemical studies

Abstract

Erdosteine is a mucolytic agent having antioxidant properties through its active metabolites in acute injuries induced by pharmacological drugs. This study was designed to investigate the renoprotective potential of Erdosteine against gentamicin (GM)-induced renal dysfunction by using Technetium-99 m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc-99 m DMSA) uptake and scintigraphy in rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were randomly allotted into one of the four experimental groups: Control, Erdosteine, GM, and GM + Erdosteine groups. GM and GM + Erdosteine groups received 100 mg/kg GM intramuscularly for 6 days. In addition, Erdosteine and GM + Erdosteine groups received 50 mg/kg Erdosteine orally for 6 days. Renal function tests were assessed by serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine levels, as well as scintigraphic and tissue radioactivity measurements with Tc-99 m DMSA. Renal oxidative damage was determined by renal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, by antioxidant enzyme activities; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and activities of oxidant enzymes; xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). GM administration resulted in marked renal lipid peroxidation, increased XO and MPO activities and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities. GM + Erdosteine group significantly had lower MDA levels, higher SOD and CAT activities and lower XO and MPO activities, when compared to GM. Also GM + Erdosteine had lower levels of serum BUN, creatinine and higher renal tissue Tc-99 m DMSA uptake and radioactivity with respect to GM. In conclusion, our results supported a protective role of Erdosteine in nephrotoxicity associated with GM treatment.

Comparison of 99mTc-DMSA renal scintigraphy with biochemical and histopathological findings in animal models of acute kidney injury

“…Non-invasive radionuclide imaging has been used for the assessment of relative renal function [12,13]. In particular, renal functional properties can be evaluated using 99mTc-labeled compounds, such as mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3), diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) [11,14,15]. In this regard, 99mTc-DMSA is considered as the radiotracer of choice for the assessment of cortical damage, estimating regional renal function and detection of renal parenchymal abnormalities owing to its localization in proximal tubules [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Prevention of hepatorenal toxicity with Sonchus asper in gentamicin treated rats

“…This chemical is obtained from Curcuma longa ; decreased the oxidative stress induced with gentamicin and is also found beneficial against AIDS [14,15]. Erdosteine, a mucolytic agent also impart free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity and other pharmacological or noxious agents [16,17]. Experimental data suggest that renoprotective effects of plant extracts or chemicals are mainly attributed through antioxidant/scavenging of free radicals, metal chelation and stabilizing the membranous system [11].…”

The protective effect of erdosteine on radiocontrast induced nephrotoxicity in rats

“…But, there is not any protective agent that has already been well‐defined with widespread consensus (Arif et al,2003). Erdosteine is a medical agent used to prevent the RIN (Ozyurt et al,2004; Cabuk et al,2008). However, studies on the protective effects of erdosteine from RIN are not sufficient (Moretti and Marchioni,2007).…”