Renovation need for apartment buildings in Latvia

Abstract

Residential buildings in Latvia are one of the essential heat consumers during the heating season. The majority of Latvian as well as European residential buildings were constructed within the period from 1965 to 1990. Introduction presents brief overview of current situation in Latvian and EU countries. This chapter provides overview of real energy consumption and definition of buildings technical conditions. Materials and methods are based on evaluation of standardized energy consumption in two kindergartens and multi apartment buildings including also dynamic energy simulation. Chapter on thermal performance of building envelope provides an extensive comparison of heat transfer coefficients in non-renovated buildings as well as comparison with normative values. Section on energy consumption of existing multi apartment buildings presents review of buildings real energy consumption before and after renovation. In addition this chapter evaluated indoor air quality. This study was done in order to define necessary reconstruction goals to reach European Regional Development Fund project "A New Concept for Sustainable and Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings" Nr. 1.1.1.1/16/A/007 main targets. Аннотация. Жилые здания в Латвии являются одним из основных потребителей тепла в отопительный сезон. Большинство латвийских и европейских жилых зданий были построены в период с 1965 по 1990 год. Введение представляет краткий обзор текущей ситуации в Латвии и странах ЕС. В этой главе представлен обзор реального потребления энергии и определение технических условий для зданий. Материалы и методы основаны на оценке стандартизированного потребления энергии в двух детских садах и многоквартирных домах, включая также динамическое моделирование энергии. В главе, касающейся тепловых характеристик ограждающих конструкций зданий, дано подробное сравнение коэффициентов теплоотдачи в не отреставрированных зданиях и сравнение их с нормативными значениями. В разделе об энергопотреблении существующих многоквартирных домов представлен обзор реального потребления энергии зданиями до и после модернизации. Кроме того, в этой главе дается оценка качества воздуха в помещении.

Optimization of the level of thermal insulation of enclosing structures of civil buildings

“…At present, the assessment of the efficiency of insulation of residential and civil 4 MATEC Web of Conferences 245, 06002 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824506002 EECE-2018 buildings should be conducted on the basis of calculations of economic indicators taking into account the time factor, i.e. discounting [5,6,7]. The most common are integral indicators: net present value (NPV), index of profitability of additional capital investments (ID), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period of additional capital investments, which are based on the concept of discounting.…”

“…A considerable amount of energy is consumed by residential and civil buildings due to the low thermal properties of the building envelope. To increase the thermal resistance of the enclosing structures, a large number of structural concepts are being developed using various materials [7,11,12]. To make the best decision on the installation of additional thermal insulation in different countries, there are various methods for assessing the economic efficiency of a design solution for thermal insulation [7].…”

Mathematical Model of Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Body

“…Ранее было сказано, что инфильтрация приводит к увеличению затрат тепла на отопление, так как часть тепла идет на нагревание инфильтрующегося воздуха. В целях уменьшения и наиболее точного учета этих затрат производят проверку соответствия ограждающих конструкций требованиям строительных норм по инфильтрации [10].…”

Management of energy efficient measures by buildings’ thermorenovation

“…Energy conservation is a pressing Problem for several decades in many countries of the world. A considerable share of energy consume homes and civic buildings due to the low heat-shielding properties of enclosing structures of buildings [9,14,19]. To increase the thermal resistance of frame structures is developed by a large number of constructive solutions using different materials.…”