Reovirose aviária: um panorama

Abstract

A avicultura é um setor de grande importância na economia brasileira tanto pelo aumento do consumo interno quanto pelo crescimento na exportação de carne de frango. A modernização da atividade avícola permitiu a criação adensada de animais, facilitando, no entanto, a rápida disseminação de patógenos que reduzem os índices de produtividade dos plantéis. Nesta revisão, é destacado o reovírus aviário, importante agente de artrite em aves que apresenta distribuição mundial. As aves acometidas apresentam redução no ganho de peso devido à dificuldade de locomoção. Além da artrite, o vírus pode estar relacionado a uma variedade de condições patológicas, como distúrbios entéricos e respiratórios, hepatite e miocardite. A principal forma de prevenção e controle é a vacinação do plantel. No entanto, devido à grande variabilidade genética do reovírus aviário, a vacina utilizada pode não ser eficiente contra estirpes que circulam no campo. O artigo traz uma visão geral sobre a biologia do vírus, sua variabilidade e propostas de classificação dos isolados, patologia da doença e diagnóstico da infecção.

Relationship Between Pre-Slaughter Factors and Major Causes of Carcass Condemnation in a Broiler Slaughterhouse under Federal Inspection

“…Arthritis, the second largest cause of total carcass condemnation, is a growing concern in the global poultry industry because it leads to economic losses and poses a risk to public health. The disease not only affects slaughterhouses but may also impair animal performance or lead to death, given that affected broilers cannot feed or drink water properly, being predisposed to other diseases (Assunção et al, 2018). Arthritis is difficult to control, as there are numerous infectious agents capable of causing the disease and individual and environmental factors that may contribute to disease onset, such as high weight gain, inadequate bed management, inadequate ventilation, high thermal amplitude, and severe winter conditions (Sellers, 2017;Marcon et al, 2019).…”

“…However, worstfeed conversion led to a reduction (p<0.05) in partial condemnation for arthritis, contamination, bruising, and myopathy. Arthritis is an inflammatory process that leads to reduced feed intake, thereby affecting feed conversion, even when related parameters, such as weight gain, are low (Assunção et al, 2018). Genetic selection for improved feed conversion might be associated with the occurrence of diseases, quality defects (Zanetti et al, 2018;Granquist et al, 2019), and rapid growth (Soglia et al, 2018;Zanetti et al, 2018), particularly in highyielding strains (Assis et al, 2019), thereby explaining the reduction in condemnation for contamination, bruising, and myopathies.…”

Occurrence of Avian Reovirus and Picobirnavirus in Wild Birds in an Environmental Protection Area in the Amazon Biome, Pará, Brazil

“…ARVs and PBV are among enteric important viruses that have been widely reported infecting poultry and wild birds, producing noted impacts to poultry economy and wildlife preservation 7,12,19,20,21,42 . The characteristic of segmented genome of ARV and PBV is an important factor that contributed to rapid dispersion, evolution and adaptation of these viruses to different hosts.…”

“…ARVs and PBV are frequently reported in infecting poultry, associated with clinical or subclinical disease, causing seriously economic impacts to poultry industry 14,15,16,17 . ARVs are described as important agents that provoke gastroenteric diseases, viral arthritis and tenosynovitis, in birds 18,19 . On the other hand, PBV may be detected in normal or diarrheal excrement from domestic and wild birds, therefore its role as a primary agent of acute gastroenteritis remain unestablished, reinforcing the importance of studies that had better characterize the pathogenic aspects of this microorganism.…”

“…ARVs and PBV are frequently reported in infecting poultry, associated with clinical or subclinical disease, causing seriously economic impacts to poultry industry 14,15,16,17 . ARVs are described as important agents that provoke gastroenteric diseases, viral arthritis and tenosynovitis, in birds 18,19 . On the other hand, PBV may be detected in normal or diarrheal .…”