Repair of articular cartilage defects with a novel injectablein situforming material in a canine model

Abstract

We developed an ultra-purified in situ forming gel as an injectable delivery vehicle of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Our objective was to assess reparative tissues treated with autologous BMSCs implanted using the injectable implantation system into osteochondral defects in a canine model. Forty-eight osteochondral defects in the patella groove of the knee joint were created in 12 adult beagle dogs (two defects in each knee). The defects were divided into a defect group (n = 16), an acellular novel material implantation (material) group (n = 16), and a BMSCs implantation using the current vehicle system (material with BMSCs) group (n = 16). The reparative tissues at 16 weeks postoperatively were assessed through gross, histological, and mechanical analyses. The reparative tissues of the material with BMSCs group were substituted with firm and smooth hyaline-like cartilage tissue that was perfectly integrated into the host tissues. This treatment group obviously enhanced the subchondral bone reconstruction. The compressive modulus of the reparative tissues was significantly higher in the material with BMSCs group than the other groups. This study demonstrated that the implantation of BMSCs using our novel in situ forming material induced a mature hyaline-like cartilage repair of osteochondral defects in a canine model.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage repair and regeneration: a systematic review

“…There was much variation in the number of cells implanted and the number of cell passages from 3–10 or more [79, 86]. …”

“…Fifteen studies [49, 65, 72, 75, 81, 86, 89–97] used a mixture of solutions prepared from hyaluronic acid [65, 92, 94–97], phosphate buffer solution [91], plasma [75], basal medium with chondrogenesis [89], collagen acid [93], sodium alginate [86] or a growth factor medium [90]. Two studies used MSCs only [49, 72].…”

Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation of Stem Cells for Cartilage Regeneration

“…An alternative study by Igarashi et al, conducted without growth factors, treated osteochondral defects in a canine model. 61 Their approach consisted of an in situ forming gel based on ultra-purified alginate containing autologous BMSCs. After 16 weeks of recovery, analysis of the treated area was reported as being smooth, firm, and glossy-white.…”

Development of cartilage tissue engineering techniques based on biomedical research

“…The previous study has demonstrated that the ultrapurified alginate gel (UPAL gel) has favorable biological effects on in vitro proliferation and chondrogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) [26]. In addition, the previous in vivo studies using rabbits and canines have shown that implantation of autologous BMSCs using the UPAL gel enhanced cartilage repair in cartilaginous lesions [26, 27]. Furthermore, the results obtained from these studies indicate that the acellular UPAL gel implantation technique has the potential to repair osteochondral defects by effectively recruiting host BMSCs.…”