Repeatable Stair-step Assay to Access the Allelopathic Potential of Weedy Rice (&lt;em&gt;Oryza sativa&lt;/em&gt; ssp.)

Schumaker, Brooklyn; Stallworth, Shandrea; Castro, Edicarlos; Fuller, Mary Gracen; Shrestha, Swati; Tseng, Te‐Ming

doi:10.3791/60764

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Clustering the varieties with similar weed suppressive potential assists the researcher to have a better understanding of the breeding material for crop improvement. Similar strategies have been previously used to cluster cotton (Fuller et al, 2021) and rice (Schumaker et al 2020) varieties with allelopathic weed-suppressing abilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of the stair-step structure is an effective way to determine the allelopathic effect one plant species may have on the other as it eliminates competition and the influence of other plant species. Previously, this structure was used efficiently to study the allelopathic potential of Oryza sativa against Echinochloa crus-galli (Schumaker et al, 2020) and Gossypium hirsutum against A. palmeri (Fuller et al, 2021). Also, the use of sand instead of a soil/potting medium was helpful in eliminating any type of change in nutrient composition that could have changed the phenotype of the plants in the experiment (Camberato, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allelopathy: an eco-friendly approach to control palmer amaranth using allelopathic sweetpotato

Singh¹,

Segbefia²,

Fuller³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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Palmer amaranth (PA) is one of the major weeds in sweetpotato reducing its quantity and quality. The widespread and repeated use of chemical herbicides has led PA to develop resistance for such chemicals. In addition, chemical herbicides are incompatible with the organic production system. It is imperative to find sustainable weed management strategies to provide weed control suitable for organic cultivation and detain the development of herbicide-resistant weeds under conventional crop production. In the present study, seventeen sweetpotato varieties were screened for their allelopathic (weed-suppressing) effect on the growth of PA. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a stair-step system. Each plant in the stair-step system had its height (cm), chlorophyll concentration (cci) and shoot biomass (g) measured. The variation in the height, chlorophyll and shoot biomass reduction of PA was significant after the third week of transplanting. Three weeks after transplanting (WAT), only three varieties, i.e., Morado (75%), Bayou belle (62%), and Vardaman (61%), reduced PA’s height by >60% compared to the control. While 5 WAT, four varieties, i.e., 529 (93%), Morado (93%), Heartogold (85%), and Centennial (81%), reduced PA height by >80%. Hatteras, Centennial, and 529 reduced the chlorophyll content of PA by >50%. In the presence of Beauregard, the commercial cultivar, there was no reduction in shoot biomass of PA. Cluster analysis also demonstrated that the four allelopathic sweetpotato varieties, i.e., Heart-O-Gold, Centennial, 529, and Morado, were clustered together, indicating that these varieties have similar potential to suppress the growth and development of PA. Combining allelopathic sweetpotato cultivars (Heart-O-Gold, Centennial, 529, and Morado) with other sustainable weed control measures, such as cover crops and hand-weeding, can improve the weed management, espicially in organic farming. However, field experiments should be conducted to confirm the allelopathic as well as yield potential of these varieties in an agronomic setting. The availability of the allelopathic sweetpotato cultivars will benefit organic producers by enhancing crop productivity and decrease reliance on chemical herbicides in conventional farming systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy: an eco-friendly approach to control palmer amaranth using allelopathic sweetpotato

Singh¹,

Segbefia²,

Fuller³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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“…PCA and clustering have been used to group allelopathic weed-suppressive cotton lines based on their weed-suppressive potential, which can aid in gaining a deeper insight into breeding material for crop enhancement (Fuller et al, 2021) [2]. Similarly, the grouping of rice cultivars by Schumaker et al (2020) [19] and sweet potato varieties by Singh et al (2022) [25] has been carried out using similar strategies. Allelopathy often occurs as a response to challenging conditions, as noted by Kruse and a group of researchers in their study published in 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Cotton Chromosome Substitution Lines

Segbefia,

Singh,

Fuller

et al. 2024

Plants

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Weed interference consistently poses a significant agronomic challenge in cotton production, leading to unfavorable direct and indirect consequences. Consequently, the predominant strategy employed to manage weeds is the application of synthetic herbicides. However, this extensive reliance has resulted in the development of herbicide-resistant weed populations due to the prolonged use of a single herbicide and the lack of rotation. This project focused on identifying weed-suppressive cotton chromosome substitution (CS) lines. These CS lines closely resemble the parent TM-1, an upland cotton derivative (Gossypium hirsutum). Each CS line carries a single chromosome or chromosome arm exchanged from G. barbadense, G. tomentosum, or G. mustelinum within the TM-1 background. In a greenhouse experiment utilizing a stepwise approach, five CS lines, along with two conventional varieties (Enlist and UA48) and the parent line (TM1), were assessed to determine their potential for suppressing Palmer amaranth growth. The plant height was measured 7, 14, and 21 days after establishment, and the chlorophyll content was measured 21 days after establishment. The results revealed varying levels of chlorophyll reduction in Palmer amaranth, with the Enlist variety displaying the lowest reduction (32%) and TM-1 exhibiting the highest (78%). Within 14 days of establishment, the CS lines T26lo, BNTN 1-15, and T11sh demonstrated substantial suppression of Palmer amaranth height, with reductions of 79, 70, and 71%, respectively. Conversely, Enlist displayed the least effective performance among the CS lines. Moreover, CS22, CS49, CS50, CS34, UA48, and CS23 displayed a decreasing trend in reducing Palmer amaranth height from 14 to 21 days after establishment. This research demonstrates the inherent herbicidal attributes within cotton CS lines against Palmer amaranth. In light of the versatile applications of cotton fibers and the unique characteristics of the G. hirsutum genome, this study investigates the potential of specific cotton lines in enhancing weed management practices. By elucidating the implications of our findings, we aim to contribute to promoting sustainability and developing alternatives to synthetic herbicides in agricultural systems.

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“…The stair-step structure outlined by Schumaker et al ( 2020) calls for the use of sand to grow the plant in a pot to avoid negligible cation exchange capacity effects from other chemicals for change in phenotype on the plants in experiments [37,38]. While a nominal cation exchange capacity is a valuable soil characteristic when assessing the potential of allelopathic chemicals leaching from the potted plants through the connected tube to affect the effect, it is not conducive for proper cotton nutrient regiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Weed-Suppressing Potential of Cotton Chromosome Substitution Lines Using the Stair-Step Assay

Fuller

Saha

Stelly

et al. 2021

Plants

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Palmer amaranth is a problematic common weed species, especially in cotton. With the wide use of chemical herbicide and herbicide-tolerant transgenic cotton lines, Palmer amaranth populations have developed tolerance to commonly used herbicides. It is imperative to develop alternative weed control methods to slow the evolution of herbicide-resistant weed populations and provide new strategies for weed management. Eleven chromosome substitution (CS) cotton lines (CS-B26lo, CS-T17, CS-B16-15, CS-B17-11, CS-B12, CS-T05sh, CS-T26lo, CS-T11sh, CS-M11sh, CS-B22sh, and CS-B22lo) were screened for weed-suppressing abilities in this study. The cotton lines were tested using the established stair-step assay. Height (cm) and chlorophyll concentration (cci) were measured for each plant in the system. The most significant variation in Palmer amaranth height reduction among the CS lines was observed 21 days after establishment. CS-B22sh (76.82%) and T26lo (68.32%) were most effective in reducing Palmer amaranth height. The cluster analysis revealed that CS-B22sh, and CS-T26lo were clustered in one group, suggesting similar genetic potential with reference to Palmer amaranth growth and development. CS-B22sh showed novel genetic potential to control the growth and development of Palmer amaranth, a problematic weed in cotton fields. Future experimentation should implement more parameters and chemical testing to explore allelopathic interactions among CS lines and Palmer amaranth.

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Repeatable Stair-step Assay to Access the Allelopathic Potential of Weedy Rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> ssp.)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Allelopathy: an eco-friendly approach to control palmer amaranth using allelopathic sweetpotato

Allelopathy: an eco-friendly approach to control palmer amaranth using allelopathic sweetpotato

Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Cotton Chromosome Substitution Lines

Assessing the Weed-Suppressing Potential of Cotton Chromosome Substitution Lines Using the Stair-Step Assay

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