Repeated dexamethasone suppression test during depressive illness

Holsboer, Florian; Liebl, R.; Hofschuster, E.

doi:10.1016/0165-0327(82)90039-8

Cited by 278 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, abnormalities in these systems are associated with major depression and may be important targets for antidepressant therapy (Holsboer et al 1982;Pepin et al 1992; Barden et al 1995;Lopez et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Selective effects on NGFI-A, MR, GR and NGFI-B hippocampal mRNA expression after chronic treatment with different subclasses of antidepressants in the rat

et al. 2000

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There is a latency period of several weeks before the onset of clinical effect of antidepressant drugs. The detailed mechanisms underlying drug-induced adaptive neuronal changes are not known. To elucidate the involvement of changes in gene expression of candidate transcription factors, we treated rats for 21 days with buspirone, fluoxetine, 8-OH-DPAT and moclobemide. In situ hybridization was used to study mRNAs encoding NGFI-A, NGFI-B and the glucocorticoid receptors, MR and GR. NGFI-A mRNA expression increased profoundly in the hippocampal formation and the cerebral cortex after all drug treatments, especially after moclobemide treatment (77-122% increase); with the exception of buspirone. MR mRNA expression was induced in hippocampal CA1/CA2 subregions (27-37%) by all antidepressants, while moclobemide and 8-OH-DPAT significantly increased GR gene expression mainly in the CA1 region (31-44%). NGFI-B mRNA was significantly decreased in the hippocampal CA3 subfield (23%) and restrosplenial granular cortex (38%) by moclobemide treatment. There are selective effects of antidepressant drugs on specific transcription factors. These may be important for adaptive neuronal and neuroendocrine changes after antidepressant treatment including HPA axis negative feedback regulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Selective effects on NGFI-A, MR, GR and NGFI-B hippocampal mRNA expression after chronic treatment with different subclasses of antidepressants in the rat

et al. 2000

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“…Psychopathological states such as depression and anx iety, in which deficient or ineffective coping strategies and defense mechanisms are assumed to exist, were reported to be associated with increased cortisol secre tion [Sachar, 1975;Seligman et al, 1976;Carroll, 1978;Holsboer et al, 1982;Berger et al, 1984;. The individual variance of cortisol hyperse cretion and its lack of relationship to specific clinical variables in psychiatric patients, however, is still a chal lenging problem [Frecska et al, 1988;von Zerssen et al, 1986;Voigt et al, 1983], Nonpsychological, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol Response to Various Stressful Situations: Relationship to Personality Variables and Coping Styles

et al. 1988

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Studies on personality traits and coping styles as determinants of interindividual differences in neuroendocrine responses to stress have not yet yielded conclusive results. In a previous investigation, strong hints to distinct interindividual differences in the susceptibility of the HP A axis of 12 male volunteers aged 27 ± 5 years exposed to five different stress situations were found. In the present report, psychometric variables (personality traits and coping styles) assessed in the same subjects before the study were analyzed to test whether specific psychometric variables were related to the interindividual differences in the susceptibility of the HPA axis. The results revealed that interindividual differences in the frequency of cortisol responses to stress situations could not be predicted by any of the psychometric variables investigated. The question if psychological factors contribute to neuroendocrine stress response and to what degree warrants further interest. These preliminary findings suggest, however, that nonpsychological factors should be considered more seriously as determinants of interindividual differences in neuroendocrine stress responses in healthy subjects as well as in psychiatric patients.

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“…For instance, a normal response to dexamethasone suppression test (DST) has been reported in endogenous depressives after pretreat ment with anxiolytic drugs [Langer et al, 1979]; a resis tance to DST has been observed in military basic trainees under emotional stress [Blumenfield et al, 1970], and a significant correlation has been found in rhesus monkeys between post-dexamethasone cortisol levels and the be havioural arousal to an experimental stress [Kalin et al, 1981] . The question whether HPA overactivity indicates a specific limbic system dysfunction or a non-specific stress response may be considered, therefore, as still unre solved [Holsboer et al, 1982],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Cortisol, Catecholamine and Cyclic AMP Levels, Response to Dexamethasone Suppression Test and Platelet MAO Activity in Manic-Depressive Patients

Maj¹,

Ariano²,

Arena³

et al. 1984

Neuropsychobiology

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Plasma cortisol, catecholamine and cyclic AMP levels, response to dexamethasone suppression test and platelet MAO activity have been determined in 15 patients suffering from bipolar affective psychosis, each examined during a depressive, a manic and an euthymic phase, and in 15 sex- and age-matched normal controls. Mean basal and post-dexamethasone cortisol levels have been found to be enhanced in patients during depression, but not during mania or free intervals. Non-suppression of cortisol secretion after dexamethasone has been observed in 46.7% of patients while in a state of depression, but in none of them during mania or euthymia. Mean plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels, which are thought to be the most reliable biochemical indices of emotional arousal, have been found to be increased in patients during mania, but not during depression. No significant difference has been observed between patients during any phase of their illness and controls with regard to mean plasma cyclic AMP levels and platelet MAO activity. These results confirm the state-dependent overactivity of HP A axis in endogenous depression, and suggest that it should not be regarded as a correlate of emotional hyperarousal. Moreover, they do not support the postulated role of plasma cyclic AMP as a state variable and of platelet MAO activity as a trait variable for manic-depressive illness.

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Repeated dexamethasone suppression test during depressive illness

Cited by 278 publications

References 22 publications

Selective effects on NGFI-A, MR, GR and NGFI-B hippocampal mRNA expression after chronic treatment with different subclasses of antidepressants in the rat

Selective effects on NGFI-A, MR, GR and NGFI-B hippocampal mRNA expression after chronic treatment with different subclasses of antidepressants in the rat

Cortisol Response to Various Stressful Situations: Relationship to Personality Variables and Coping Styles

Plasma Cortisol, Catecholamine and Cyclic AMP Levels, Response to Dexamethasone Suppression Test and Platelet MAO Activity in Manic-Depressive Patients

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