Repeated Electroacupuncture Persistently Elevates Adenosine and Ameliorates Collagen‐Induced Arthritis in Rats

Tian-shen, YE; Du, Zhongheng; Li, Zhihui; Xie, Wei‐Fen; Huang, Kate; Chen, Yong; Chen, Zhouyang; Hu, Huan; Wang, Junlu; Fang, Jianqiao

doi:10.1155/2016/3632168

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It can produce satisfactory analgesic effect on many acute and chronic pain conditions, whereas it exerts few side effects [ 6 , 7 ]. Animal studies by us and others have shown that EA inhibits pain response in a variety of inflammatory pain models, including complete Freund's adjuvant- (CFA-) induced inflammatory pain, collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis pain, postincisional pain, and fibromyalgia [ 8 – 12 ]. In clinic, it is reported that EA can improve the visual analogue scale score of acute gout arthritis patients [ 13 – 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture Alleviates Pain Responses and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Acute Gout Arthritis

Chai

Tai

Shao

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Acute gout arthritis is one of the most painful inflammatory conditions. Treatments for gout pain are limited to colchicine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids, which oftentimes result in severe adverse effects. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been proved to be effective in relieving many inflammatory pain conditions with few side effects. Here, we aim to investigate the therapeutic potentials of EA on pain and inflammation of a rat model of acute gout arthritis and underlying mechanisms. We found that 2/100 Hz EA produced the most robust analgesic effect on mechanical hyperalgesia of acute gout arthritis rat model compared with 2 and 100 Hz. EA produced similar analgesic effect compared with indomethacin. 2/100 Hz EA also significantly alleviates the ongoing pain behavior, thermal hyperalgesia, and ankle edema. Locally applied μ and κ-opioid receptor antagonists but not adenosine A1 receptor antagonist significantly abolished the analgesic effect of EA. Locally applied μ and κ-opioid receptor agonists produced significant antiallodynia on acute gout arthritis rats, mimicking EA. Furthermore, 2/100 Hz EA upregulated β-endorphin expression in inflamed ankle skin tissue. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, that EA can be used for relieving acute gout arthritis with effect dependent on peripheral opioid system and comparable with the one obtained with indomethacin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture Alleviates Pain Responses and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Acute Gout Arthritis

Chai

Tai

Shao

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…found that acupuncture of ST36 ( Zusanli ) acupoint can significantly increase the local concentration of extracellular adenosine [ 13 ]. Electroacupuncture (EA) increased the concentration of adenosine by modulating CD73 and ADA expression levels both locally and systemically as we demonstrated in an earlier study [ 14 ]. Yim et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Adenosine A2A Receptor Mediates Inhibition of Synovitis and Osteoclastogenesis after Electroacupuncture in Rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. This study was to investigate the role of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) in inhibiting the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on osteoclastogenesis in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham-control group, CIA-control group, CIA-EA group, and CIA-EA-SCH58261 (A2AR antagonist) group. We detected tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), protein kinase A (PKA), and extracellular regulatory protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in peripheral blood by ELISA. PKA, ERK1/2, and NF-κB in ankle joints were determined by western blotting. We evaluated the arthritis damage by histological examination and determined the number of osteoclasts by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Results. EA treatment downregulated the expression of TNF-α, RANKL, PKA, ERK1/2, and NF-κB in peripheral blood but increased the levels of PKA and ERK1/2 in ankle joints. Importantly, EA treatment reduced bone erosion as evidenced by the histological findings and inhibited osteoclastogenesis as revealed by TRAP staining. All these effects of the EA treatment were reversed by combining EA treatment with the A2AR antagonist SCH58261. Conclusion. Our data suggest that EA treatment activated A2AR. The effects of the A2AR antagonist SCH58261 suggest that the inhibition of osteoclast formation, the inhibition of TNF-α, RANKL, and NF-κB expression, and the increase of ERK1/2 are all dependent on this EA-induced A2AR activation. It is therefore likely that these pathways with clearly defined roles in inflammation and bone erosion are at least partially involved in the mediation of the inhibition of synovitis and osteoclast formation induced by EA.

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“…However, the activation of TRPV1 in primary afferent fibers can increase the release of glutamate in postsynaptic regions [32]. Excitatory-postsynaptic currents in the dorsal horn neurons of mice are observed after glutamate release due to capsaicin stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRPV1 is a Responding Channel for Acupuncture Manipulation in Mice Peripheral and Central Nerve System

Chen

Hsieh

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Acupuncture involves inserting a fine needle into a specific point, often called an acupoint, thereby initiating a therapeutic effect accompanied by phenomena such as soreness, heaviness, fullness, and numbness. Acupoints are characterized as points located in deep tissues with abundant sensory nerve terminals, which suggests that there is a strong relationship between acupoints and peripheral sensory afferents. In this study, we determined whether manual acupuncture (MA) or different frequencies of electroacupuncture (EA) share similar mechanisms for activating excitatory neurotransmission. Methods: We performed MA or EA at acupoint ST36 and we also used western blot and immunostaining techniques to determine neural changes at the peripheral dorsal root ganglion (DRG), spinal cord (SC), and somatosensory cortex (SSC) levels. Results: Our results show that either MA or EA at the ST36 acupoint significantly increased components of the TRPV1-related signaling pathway, such as pPKA, pPI3K, pPKC-pERK, and pAKT (but not pp38 or pJNK) at the peripheral DRG and central SC-SSC levels. Furthermore, excitatory phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (pNMDA) and pCaMKIIα (but not pNR2B, pCaMKIIδ, or pCaMKIIγ) also increased. These molecules could not increase in the DRG and SC-SSC of TRPV1^–/–mice. Conclusion: Our data demonstrates that both MA and EA can activate excitatory signals in either peripheral or central levels. We also define that TRPV1 is crucial for an acupuncture effect and then initiate excitatory pNR1-pCaMKII pathway, at peripheral DRG and central SC-SSC level. We suggest that the TRPV1 signaling pathway is highly correlated to Acupuncture effect that implies the real clinical significance.

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Repeated Electroacupuncture Persistently Elevates Adenosine and Ameliorates Collagen‐Induced Arthritis in Rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Electroacupuncture Alleviates Pain Responses and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Acute Gout Arthritis

Electroacupuncture Alleviates Pain Responses and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Acute Gout Arthritis

Adenosine A2A Receptor Mediates Inhibition of Synovitis and Osteoclastogenesis after Electroacupuncture in Rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis

TRPV1 is a Responding Channel for Acupuncture Manipulation in Mice Peripheral and Central Nerve System

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