Repeated sprint ability but not neuromuscular fatigue is dependent on short versus long duration recovery time between sprints in healthy males

Monks, Michael; Compton, Chris T.; Yetman, Joseph D.; Power, Kevin E.; Button, Duane C.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2016.10.008

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, following two 30 seconds all-out cycling tasks separated by 30 minutes, Fernandez-del-Olma et al 32 found a 34% reduction in VA, whereas Kruger et al 31 found no reduction in VA following a similar exercise task. Following repeated sprint exercise, some studies have reported no change in VA, 38,39 while many others reported significant decreases ranging between 3% and 11% 37,40,41,43,[45][46][47] (Table 1). While these discrepancies could be related to differences in the exercise protocols (eg number or duration of sprint, exercise mode, between-sprint recovery duration), time to post-exercise neuromuscular assessment, and/or characteristics of the participants studied (sex, age, physical condition), the body of evidence would suggest short-duration, all-out exercise could inhibit the capacity of the CNS to activate muscle (Table 1).…”

Section: Muscle Force Generating Capacity Voluntary Activation Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mixed evidence (decrease 32,43 ) (no change 38,54 ) Presynaptic inhibition α-motoneuron excitability Limited evidence (increase 45 ) Group III/IV afferent firing Increases during maximal intensity exercise, effect on performance unclear 46,65 Reduced Ia facilitation Reduced spinal loop excitability 51 and increased presynaptic inhibition (indirect evidence 51 ) contribute to or occur with reduced performance during maximal intensity exercise based on current evidence primarily derived from maximal cycling exercise. Regarding cortical output, this is commonly estimated via the delivery of TMS over the motor cortex to estimate VA (VA TMS ).…”

Section: Motor Cortical Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuromuscular responses to fatiguing locomotor exercise

2020

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Over the last two decades, an abundance of research has explored the impact of fatiguing locomotor exercise on the neuromuscular system. Neurostimulation techniques have been implemented prior to and following locomotor exercise tasks of a wide variety of intensities, durations, and modes. These techniques have allowed for the assessment of alterations occurring within the central nervous system and the muscle, while techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and spinal electrical stimulation have permitted further segmentalization of locomotor exercise‐induced changes along the motor pathway. To this end, the present review provides a comprehensive synopsis of the literature pertaining to neuromuscular responses to locomotor exercise. Sections of the review were divided to discuss neuromuscular responses to maximal, severe, heavy and moderate intensity, high‐intensity intermittent exercise, and differences in neuromuscular responses between exercise modalities. During maximal and severe intensity exercise, alterations in neuromuscular function reside primarily within the muscle. Although post‐exercise reductions in voluntary activation following maximal and severe intensity exercise are generally modest, several studies have observed alterations occurring at the cortical and/or spinal level. During prolonged heavy and moderate intensity exercise, impairments in contractile function are attenuated with respect to severe intensity exercise, but are still widely observed. While reductions in voluntary activation are greater during heavy and moderate intensity exercise, the specific alterations occurring within the central nervous system remain unclear. Further work utilizing stimulation techniques during exercise and integrating new and emerging techniques such as high‐density electromyography is warranted to provide further insight into neuromuscular responses to locomotor exercise.

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Section: Muscle Force Generating Capacity Voluntary Activation Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motor Cortical Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular responses to fatiguing locomotor exercise

2020

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“…Electrical stimulation was delivered via a cathode placed on the skin over the biceps motor point and an anode on the brachii distal tendon (Smith et al, 2007 ; Khan et al, 2011 ; Monks et al, 2016 ; Pearcey et al, 2016 ). Current pulses were delivered as a doublet (10 ms apart, 100 μs duration, 100–225 mA) via a constant current stimulator (DS7AH, Digitimer Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximal Voluntary Activation of the Elbow Flexors Is under Predicted by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Compared to Motor Point Stimulation Prior to and Following Muscle Fatigue

et al. 2017

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Transcranial magnetic (TMS) and motor point stimulation have been used to determine voluntary activation (VA). However, very few studies have directly compared the two stimulation techniques for assessing VA of the elbow flexors. The purpose of this study was to compare TMS and motor point stimulation for assessing VA in non-fatigued and fatigued elbow flexors. Participants performed a fatigue protocol that included twelve, 15 s isometric elbow flexor contractions. Participants completed a set of isometric elbow flexion contractions at 100, 75, 50, and 25% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) prior to and following fatigue contractions 3, 6, 9, and 12 and 5 and 10 min post-fatigue. Force and EMG of the bicep and triceps brachii were measured for each contraction. Force responses to TMS and motor point stimulation and EMG responses to TMS (motor evoked potentials, MEPs) and Erb's point stimulation (maximal M-waves, Mmax) were also recorded. VA was estimated using the equation: VA% = (1−SITforce/PTforce) × 100. The resting twitch was measured directly for motor point stimulation and estimated for both motor point stimulation and TMS by extrapolation of the linear regression between the superimposed twitch force and voluntary force. MVC force, potentiated twitch force and VA significantly (p < 0.05) decreased throughout the elbow flexor fatigue protocol and partially recovered 10 min post fatigue. VA was significantly (p < 0.05) underestimated when using TMS compared to motor point stimulation in non-fatigued and fatigued elbow flexors. Motor point stimulation compared to TMS superimposed twitch forces were significantly (p < 0.05) higher at 50% MVC but similar at 75 and 100% MVC. The linear relationship between TMS superimposed twitch force and voluntary force significantly (p < 0.05) decreased with fatigue. There was no change in triceps/biceps electromyography, biceps/triceps MEP amplitudes, or bicep MEP amplitudes throughout the fatigue protocol at 100% MVC. In conclusion, motor point stimulation as opposed to TMS led to a higher estimation of VA in non-fatigued and fatigued elbow flexors. The decreased linear relationship between TMS superimposed twitch force and voluntary force led to an underestimation of the estimated resting twitch force and thus, a reduced VA.

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“…In sports, there are frequent bouts of fatiguing actions, such as after performing a bout of sprints without recovery (i.e., repeated sprints, RS) [ 18 ]. RS increases the muscle peripheral fatigue [ 19 ]. Muscle fatigue can be defined as any decline in muscle performance associated with muscle activity [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Contractile Properties Measured at Submaximal Electrical Amplitudes and Not at Supramaximal Amplitudes Are Associated with Repeated Sprint Performance and Fatigue Markers

Muñoz-López

Hoyo

Sañudo

2021

IJERPH

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Background: The present study analyzes the associations between the muscle contractile properties (MCP) measured at different neuromuscular electrical stimulation amplitudes (NMESa) and the performance or transient fatigue after a bout of repeated sprints. Methods: Seventeen physically active male subjects performed six repeated sprints of 30 m with 30 s of passive recovery. Capillary blood creatine kinase (CK) concentration, knee extension or flexion isometric peak torque, tensiomyography, and repeated sprint performance were assessed. Results: Muscle displacement and contraction time were different in relation to the NMESa used in the rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles. At rest, significant (p < 0.05) associations were found between muscle displacement and the loss of time in the repeated sprints (sprint performance) at 20 or 40 mA in the rectus femoris. At post +24 h or +48 h, the highest significant associations were found between the muscle displacement or the contraction time and CK or peak torques also at submaximal amplitudes (20 mA). The NMESa which elicits the peak muscle displacement showed lack of practical significance. Conclusion: Although MCP are typically assessed in tensiomyography using the NMESa that elicit peak muscle displacement, a submaximal NMESa may have a higher potential practical application to assess neuromuscular fatigue in response to repeated sprints.

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Repeated sprint ability but not neuromuscular fatigue is dependent on short versus long duration recovery time between sprints in healthy males

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Neuromuscular responses to fatiguing locomotor exercise

Neuromuscular responses to fatiguing locomotor exercise

Maximal Voluntary Activation of the Elbow Flexors Is under Predicted by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Compared to Motor Point Stimulation Prior to and Following Muscle Fatigue

Muscle Contractile Properties Measured at Submaximal Electrical Amplitudes and Not at Supramaximal Amplitudes Are Associated with Repeated Sprint Performance and Fatigue Markers

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