Repercusiones defensivas del ataque sin portera en el balonmano femenino europeo de élite (Defensive repercussions of the attack without a goalkeeper in European elite womens handball)

Abstract


 El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la eficacia de las secuencias de ataque utilizando el cambio de portera - jugadora de campo y sus consecuencias en la siguiente fase defensiva en el balonmano femenino de élite. Se utilizó la metodología observacional. Se empleó un diseño observacional puntual, nomotético y multidimensional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 571 secuencias de ataque de 50 partidos pertenecientes a la EHF Champions League 2018-2019 de balonmano femenino. Se elaboró un instrumento observacional ad hoc que presenta la combinación de formato de campo y sistemas de categorías. La calidad del dato fue probada mediante concordancia inter e intra observadores. Los resultados destacan que el principal motivo por el cual se hizo uso de la regla que posibilita el cambio portera-jugadora fue mantener la igualdad numérica luego de haber sufrido una sanción disciplinaria, y en menor medida para generar superioridad numérica 7x6. La eficacia presentó los valores más altos cuando se utilizó para generar superioridad numérica. Las situaciones de igualdad numérica 6x6 arrojaron peores valores tanto en eficacia lanzamiento como en pérdidas de pelota. Se concluye que los equipos al atacar con portería vacía asumen un riesgo importante de recibir un gol de forma rápida si el ataque no finaliza en gol, ya que las consecuencias defensivas inmediatas están directamente relacionadas con la eficacia en la fase de ataque. 
 Abstract. The objective of this research was to analyze the efficacy of the attack sequences performance using the goalkeeper-field player change and its consequences in the following defensive phase in the women´s handball elite. The observational methodology was used. The observational design was punctual, nomothetic and multidimensional. The sample was 571 attack sequences from 50 matches from EHF Women´s Handball Champion League 2018-2019. An ad hoc observational instrument was developed that presents the combination of field format and category systems. The quality of data was tested by inter and intra observer agreement. The results highlight that the main reason why the rule that makes the goalkeeper-field player change possible was used was to maintain numerical equality after having suffered a disciplinary sanction, and to a less extent to generate 7x6 numerical superiority. The effectiveness presented the highest values when used to generate numerical superiority. The 6x6 numerical equality situations throw worse values in both shooting efficacy and lost balls. It is concluded that the teams assume a significant risk of receiving a goal quickly if the attack does not end in goal, since the immediate defensive consequences are directly related to the effectiveness in the attack phase.

Playing 7 vs. 6 with an empty goal: Is it really an option for coaches? A comparative analysis between Portugal and the other teams during the Men’s European Handball Championship 2020

“…Unanimously referred to as the 7 vs. 6 best team, we saw that some success was due to group tactical means (Portugal - 79.4% of attacks, other teams 63%) leading to 6 m shot (Portugal - 61.8%, other teams - 53.1%) and giving time to the goalkeeper replacement. Portugal was the best-ranked team, with over 60% success attacking this way (Portugal - 63.2%, and other teams - 45.5%), a higher score than the results (42.4%) observed by Trejo-Silva and Bonjour et al (2021) related to World Men’s Championship 2017 and 2019, and European Men’ Championship 2018 and 2020. In our study the other teams supported 7 vs. 6 with more individual options (37% against 20.6% from Portugal), resulting in more errors and giving opponent teams success in the response.…”

“…Compared to the Portugal team, their success rate was below 50%. Bonjour et al (2021) state that in their study, the teams were able to retreat defensively and organize in defence. However, there was a considerable number of goal-to-goal attempts (15.7%) with an efficiency of 57%.…”

“…Sousa et al (2021b) refer that from a sample of 125 coaches 76% agrees with the possibility to play 7 vs. 6. Gümüş and Gencoglu (2020) concluded that teams using this strategy had no extra efficiency in attack such as Trejo-Silva and Bonjour et al (2021) . Our data showed that the Portugal National Team was the pioneer of national teams to extensively use this option successfully, regardless of the result: Portugal used 7 vs. 6 regardless of the result (Winning - 19.1%, losing by three or less - 39.7% or tied - 16.1%, more than the other teams that used almost exclusively when they were losing in balanced games-34.1% or unbalanced games - 49.1% and only 1.9% when winning).…”

Attack with Empty Goal (7 vs 6) in Team Handball - Analysis of Men’s EHF Euro 2022

“…There are some studies that concluded no extra-efficiency by the use of 7 vs. 6 (Gumus and Gencoglu, 2020; Bonjour et al, 2021), but results sugest that coaches still belive that the use of this option is reliable, even though teams that used more were teams between 7 th and 12 th place. A trend that is still in our results that reinforces previous studies is that 7 vs. 6 is more used by teams that are losing (Marlzinka and Gal, 2018) and in the second half of the game.…”

Evolution of attack in handball when playing 7 vs. 6 with empty goal between 2020 and 2023: coaches’ perception vs. observational results

“…The use of the rule to attack with seven players and an empty goal generated controversy within elite handball, discussing the risk assumed by the teams that opt for this tactical option ( 25 , 26 ), in concordance with Antón ( 31 ). In the research carried out by Bonjour et al ( 32 ), with a sample made up of 571 attack sequences with an empty goal, referring to 50 games of the 2018–2019 European Handball Federation (EHF) Women's Champions League, the results showed that the teams managed to significantly recover defensively, in an adequate manner, and organize their defense. However, they recorded a considerable number of direct goal-to-goal shots against (15.7%), with an effectiveness level of 57%.…”