Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the right parietal cortex for comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot study

A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating the Evidence Base of Melatonin, Light Exposure, Exercise, and Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Patients with Insomnia Disorder

“…No study could be selected for ayurveda, chelation, energy healing therapy, folk medicine, reiki, vitamin, massage, music therapy, and qi gong. Of the 40 studies selected, 12 focused on melatonin as possible intervention for insomnia disorder [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ], 9 on meditative movement therapies [ 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ] (particularly, n = 1 on yoga [ 72 ], 6 on mindfulness [ 73 , 74 , 75 , 78 , 79 , 80 ] and 2 on tai chi [76.77]), 7 on exercise [ 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ], 5 on natural herbal pharmacotherapy [ 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ], 2 on light exposure [ 93 , 94 ], 2 on transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) [ 95 , 96 ], 1 on homeopathy [ 97 ], 1 on hypnotherapy [ 98 ], and 1 on dietary supplements [ 99 ]. Two studies which evaluated exercise [ 82 , 83 ], one study evaluating melatonin [ 61 ], and...…”

“…Included studies focused on different age categories, specifically: 5 studies focused on children and adolescents (<18 years) [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 67 , 68 ], 23 studies focused on working-age adults (18–65 years) [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 78 , 79 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 86 , 87 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 ], and 2 studies focused on elderly (>65 years) [ 65 , 80 ]. Ten studies used mixed age samples with adult and elderly participants [ 63 , 64 , 66 , 69 , 74 , 76 , 77 , 85 , 87 , 93 ].…”

“…One study was composed of only male participants [ 86 ] and two studies of only female participants [ 72 , 73 ], while all other studies recruited mixed samples of both female and male participants. Seven studies excluded participants with past medical disorders [ 63 , 69 , 71 , 82 , 86 , 89 , 95 ]; 15 of the selected studies excluded participants with other mental disorders than insomnia [ 63 , 65 , 69 , 71 , 74 , 80 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 89 , 93 , 99 ]; eight studies excluded participants with comorbid medical disorders [ 64 , 65 , 71 , 89 , 91 , 95 , 98 , 99 ]; and 27 studies excluded participants with comorbid other sleep disorders than insomnia [ 60 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 78 , 79 , 83 , 85 , 86 , 87 ,...…”

“…Twenty studies referred to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (n = 18, DSM IV; DSM IV TR; DSM-5) [ 62 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 80 , 81 , 86 , 87 , 90 , 91 , 95 , 96 , 98 ] or the International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (n = 2, ICD-10) [ 88 , 97 ] for the diagnosis of insomnia, two studies used International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) [ 92 , 93 ], three used the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Insomnia Disorder [ 78 , 82 , 83 ] and eight studies used more than one of these categorizations together [ 69 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 82 , 84 , 89 ]. Of the remaining studies, seven used criteria consistent with DSM-5 categorization [ 60 , 62 , 64 , 67 , 85 , 89 , 94 ].…”

Effect of low frequency repetitive magnetic stimulation at Shenmen (HT7) on sleep quality in patients with chronic insomnia

“…[ 31 ] Hence, aim to improve subjects compliance and achieve acupoint effect, we choose rMS at HT7 acupoint in the experimental group in a high-quality randomized controlled trial. Although studies have showed the efficacy of rTMS for CI, [ 32 , 33 ] it is still lack rMS at acupoint randomized controlled trial, as well as the relevant mechanism research.…”