Replication of porcine deltacoronavirus is limited in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal piglets co-infected simultaneously or 16 hours prior with virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Jung, Kwonil; Saif, Linda J.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109206

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This may partly explain that our previous result PDCoV + PEDV co-infected piglets were showed signi cant lower PDCoV viral load or PEDV viral load in the small intestine compared a single infection of PDCoV or PEDV [10]. A similar study has reported that a possible interference or inhibition of PDCoV replication in the gastrointestinal tract coinfected with virulent PEDV strains, when rst inoculated with virulent PEDV PC21A followed by PDCoV OH-FD22 [9]. In addition, another study also reported a similar result, IFN-α was signi cantly up-regulated in conventional 4-day-old piglets co-inoculated simultaneously with PEDV and PDCoV compared with PEDV or PDCoV singly inoculated piglets [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Some studies have shown that simultaneously infected of PDCoV and PEDV enhances the disease severity in piglets [4,5]. While, one study has shown that no increased severity of PEDV infectivity by PDCoV co-infection, when rst inoculated with virulent PEDV PC21A followed in 16 h by PDCoV OH-FD22, or they are simultaneously inoculated with the PEDV and PDCoV strains [9]. Meanwhile, a similar result also has been reported in our previous study, coinfection with PDCoV rst and then PEDV has no exacerbate the disease severity compared to a single infection with either virus [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study on the effect of intestinal immunity that the neonatal piglet co-infection with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

Liang

Yan

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) have been often simultaneously detected in coronavirus diarrhea piglets. But the intestinal immune of the interaction between the co-circulating PDCoV and PEDV are unknown. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate intestinal immunity of neonatal piglets that were exposed with PDCoV first and then PEDV subsequently. The amount and distribution of CD3+T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and goblet cells (GCs) in small intestine were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and periodic acid-schiff respectively. The expression of pattern recognition receptors and downstream mediator genes were analyzed by qPCR. The results showed that the number of GCs, CD3+T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the small intestine of the PDCoV + PEDV co-inoculated piglets were increased compared with PEDV single-inoculated piglets. The piglets in the group of PDCoV + PEDV were significantly up-regulated IFN-α and IFN-λ1 when compared with the PEDV single-inoculated piglets. These results suggest that the PDCoV + PEDV co-infected piglets can superiorly activate intestinal antiviral immunity compared to PEDV single-infected piglets, which provide a new insight into the pathogenesis mechanism of swine enteric coronavirus coinfection that may be used for vaccination in the future.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the effect of intestinal immunity that the neonatal piglet co-infection with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

Liang

Yan

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may partly explain why our previous results showed that piglets coinfected with PDCoV + PEDV showed a significantly lower PDCoV or PEDV viral load in the small intestine than piglets infected with PDCoV or PEDV alone [ 10 ]. A similar study showed possible inhibition of PDCoV replication in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals that were first inoculated with the virulent PEDV strain PC21A and then with PDCoV strain OH-FD22 [ 9 ]. Another study also yielded a similar result; IFN‑α was significantly upregulated in 4-day-old piglets coinoculated simultaneously with PEDV and PDCoV compared with piglets inoculated with PEDV or PDCoV alone [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that simultaneous infection with PDCoV and PEDV enhances disease severity in piglets [ 4 , 5 ]. However, one study showed no increase in disease severity when pigs were first inoculated with the virulent PEDV strain PC21A and then inoculated 16 h later with PDCoV strain OH-FD22 or when they were inoculated simultaneously with both strains [ 9 ]. A similar result was also obtained in our previous study, which showed that infection with PDCoV followed by PEDV did not exacerbate disease severity compared to a single infection with either virus [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the effect of intestinal immunity in neonatal piglets coinfected with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Liang

Yan

et al. 2022

Arch Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) have often been detected simultaneously in piglets with coronavirus diarrhea. However, the intestinal immune response to the interaction between circulating PDCoV and PEDV is unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the intestinal immunity of neonatal piglets that were exposed first to PDCoV and then to PEDV. The amounts and distribution of CD3 + T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and goblet cells (GCs) in the small intestine were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and periodic acid–Schiff staining, respectively. The expression levels of pattern recognition receptors and downstream mediator cytokines were analyzed by qPCR and ELISA. The results showed that the numbers of GCs, CD3 + T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes in the duodenum and jejunum of the PDCoV + PEDV coinoculated piglets were increased compared with those of piglets inoculated with PEDV alone. The piglets in the PDCoV + PEDV group had significantly upregulated IFN-α and IFN-λ 1 compared with the PEDV single-inoculated piglets. These results suggest that PDCoV + PEDV-coinfected piglets can activate intestinal antiviral immunity more strongly than piglets infected with PEDV alone, which provides new insight into the pathogenesis mechanism of swine enteric coronavirus coinfection that may be used for vaccination in the future.

show abstract

“…Almost invariably under natural circumstances pigs may be infected by multiple viruses, and coinfections of multiple viruses are thought to have a greater impact on disease outcome than single virus infections [ 8 , 9 ]. Coinfecting viruses can interact among themselves and with host symbionts to utilize host resources or modulate host immune responses [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PoRVA G9P[23] and G5P[7] infections differentially promote PEDV replication by reprogramming glutamine metabolism

Liu,

Tian,

Hao

et al. 2024

PLoS Pathog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PoRVA and PEDV coinfections are extremely common in clinical practice. Although coinfections of PoRVA and PEDV are known to result in increased mortality, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we found that PoRVA infection promoted PEDV infection in vivo and in vitro and that PoRVA G9P[23] (RVA-HNNY strain) enhanced PEDV replication more significantly than did PoRVA G5P[7] (RVA-SXXA strain). Metabolomic analysis revealed that RVA-HNNY more efficiently induced an increase in the intracellular glutamine content in porcine small intestinal epithelial cells than did RVA-SXXA, which more markedly promoted ATP production to facilitate PEDV replication, whereas glutamine deprivation abrogated the effect of PoRVA infection on promoting PEDV replication. Further studies showed that PoRVA infection promoted glutamine uptake by upregulating the expression of the glutamine transporter protein SLC1A5. In SLC1A5 knockout cells, PoRVA infection neither elevated intracellular glutamine nor promoted PEDV replication. During PoRVA infection, the activity and protein expression levels of glutamine catabolism-related enzymes (GLS1 and GLUD1) were also significantly increased promoting ATP production through glutamine anaplerosis into the TCA cycle. Consistent with that, siRNAs or inhibitors of GLS1 and GLUD1 significantly inhibited the promotion of PEDV replication by PoRVA. Notably, RVA-HNNY infection more markedly promoted SLC1A5, GLS1 and GLUD1 expression to more significantly increase the uptake and catabolism of glutamine than RVA-SXXA infection. Collectively, our findings illuminate a novel mechanism by which PoRVA infection promotes PEDV infection and reveal that the modulation of glutamine uptake is key for the different efficiencies of PoRVA G9P[23] and PoRVA G5P[7] in promoting PEDV replication.

show abstract

Replication of porcine deltacoronavirus is limited in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal piglets co-infected simultaneously or 16 hours prior with virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Study on the effect of intestinal immunity that the neonatal piglet co-infection with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

Study on the effect of intestinal immunity that the neonatal piglet co-infection with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

Study of the effect of intestinal immunity in neonatal piglets coinfected with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

PoRVA G9P[23] and G5P[7] infections differentially promote PEDV replication by reprogramming glutamine metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About