Reply to comment on ‘The effect of persistent U-shaped patterns in RR night-time series on the heart rate variability complexity in healthy humans’

Soliński, Mateusz; Kuklik, Paweł; Gieraltowski, Jan; Baranowski, Rafał; Graff, Beata; Żebrowski, Jan J.

doi:10.1088/1361-6579/abd98e

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The latter is correlated with the power of the spectrum in the LF and VLF bands 21 . Correlations were also observed between α 2 and short-term changes in heart rhythm resulting from physiological arousals in a polysomnographic study 22 , 23 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The differences of VLF and α 2 between the groups studied may be associated with the different number of U-shaped patterns, characteristic changes in RR time interval values, lasting approximately 20–40 s, occurring during sleep 22 , 23 . U-shaped patterns are a common phenomenon in humans, occurring mostly during sleep and appear to be a cardiovascular response to cortical arousal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The interpretation of the VLF component modulation is not completely clear. Traditionally it is associated with thermoregulation and/or humoral regulation 43 , 44 and more recently it was shown to correlate with the occurrence of the U-shaped patterns 22 , 23 that have a form of infrequent events in the heart rate rather than a constant modulating frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heart rate variability comparison between young males after 4–6 weeks from the end of SARS-CoV-2 infection and controls

Soliński

Pawlak

Petelczyc

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Due to the prolonged inflammatory process induced by infection of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), indices of autonomic nervous system dysfunction may persist long after viral shedding. Previous studies showed significant changes in HRV parameters in severe (including fatal) infection of SARS-CoV-2. However, few studies have comprehensively examined HRV in individuals who previously presented as asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic cases of COVID-19. In this study, we examined HRV in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic individuals 5–7 weeks following positive confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sixty-five ECG Holter recordings from young (mean age 22.6 ± 3.4 years), physically fit male subjects 4–6 weeks after the second negative test (considered to be the start of recovery) and twenty-six control male subjects (mean age 23.2 ± 2.9 years) were considered in the study. Night-time RR time series were extracted from ECG signals. Selected linear as well as nonlinear HRV parameters were calculated. We found significant differences in Porta’s symbolic analysis parameters V0 and V2 (p < 0.001), α2 (p < 0.001), very low-frequency component (VLF; p = 0.022) and respiratory peak (from the PRSA method; p = 0.012). These differences may be caused by the changes of activity of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system as well as by the coupling of respiratory rhythm with heart rate due to an increase in pulmonary arterial vascular resistance. The results suggest that the differences with the control group in the HRV parameters, that reflect the functional state of the autonomic nervous system, are measurable after a few weeks from the beginning of the recovery even in the post-COVID group—a young and physically active population. We indicate HRV sensitive markers which may be used in long-term monitoring of patients after recovery.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heart rate variability comparison between young males after 4–6 weeks from the end of SARS-CoV-2 infection and controls

Soliński

Pawlak

Petelczyc

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…decreased values for the parameter V0 and increased values for the parameter V2) could result not from pathological changes in the ANS but from the modulation of the coupling resulting from adaptation processes during the convalescence period. [25]. U-shaped patterns are a common phenomenon in humans, occurred mostly during sleep and appear to be a cardiovascular response to the occurrence of cortical arousal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…U-shaped patterns are a common phenomenon in humans, occurred mostly during sleep and appear to be a cardiovascular response to the occurrence of cortical arousal. Cortical arousal is a physiological adaptive mechanism for the occurrence of external or internal stimuli that disrupt the state of homeostasis [25]. The study by Soliński et al[20] demonstrated the relation between the number of Ushaped patterns detected in night-time RR time interval series and the values of HRV parameters related to its long-time correlation, multifractal properties and very low frequency component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability changes in mild-symptomatic, physically fit male in 4-6 weeks from the end of SARS-Cov-2 infection

Soliński

Pawlak

Petelczyc

et al. 2021

Preprint

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SARS-Cov-2 infection, due to inflammation processes, can affect autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability (HRV) even after disease. Previous studies showed significant changes in HRV parameters in severe (including fatal) infection of SARS-Cov-2. However, HRV analysis for the asymptomatic or mild-symptomatic Covid-19 patients have not been reported. In this study, we suggested that there is an influence of a SARS-Cov-2 infection on the HRV in such patients after weeks form disease.Sixty-five ECG Holter recordings from young (mean age 22.6 ± 3.4 years), physically fit male subjects after 4-6 weeks from the second negative test (considered to be the beginning of recovery) and twenty-six control male subjects (mean age 23.2 ± 2.9 years) were considered in the study. Night-time RR time series were extracted from ECG signals. Selected linear, frequency as well as nonlinear HRV parameters were calculated. We found significant differences in Porta’s symbolic analysis parameters V0 and V2 (p<0.001), α2 (p<0.001), very low frequency component (VLF; p=0.022), and respiratory peak (from PRSA method; p=0.012). These differences may be caused by the changes of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system as well as by the coupling of respiratory rhythm with heart rate due to an increase in pulmonary arterial vascular resistance.The results suggest that the changes in the HRV, thus autonomic nervous system, are measurable after a few weeks from the beginning of the recovery even in the post-Covid group of young and physically active population. We indicated HRV sensitive markers which could be used in the long-term monitoring of recovered patients.

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Reply to comment on ‘The effect of persistent U-shaped patterns in RR night-time series on the heart rate variability complexity in healthy humans’

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Heart rate variability comparison between young males after 4–6 weeks from the end of SARS-CoV-2 infection and controls

Heart rate variability comparison between young males after 4–6 weeks from the end of SARS-CoV-2 infection and controls

Heart rate variability changes in mild-symptomatic, physically fit male in 4-6 weeks from the end of SARS-Cov-2 infection

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