Report of the committee on the genetic constitution on chromosome 6

Spence, M. Anne; Spurr, N.K.

doi:10.1159/000132651

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This includes the presence of prolactin receptors on T and B lymphocytes (20), and the possible association between the diurnal rhythm of prolactin levels and disease activity in RA (21). Finally, the prolactin gene is on the short arm of chromosome 6, which is also the site for the major histocompatibility complex (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast‐feeding and the onset of rheumatoid arthritis

Brennan

Silman

1994

Arthritis & Rheumatism

137

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Objective. In a recent study we demonstrated that the postpartum period, particularly after the first pregnancy, is a time of increased risk for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study was undertaken to investigate whether this risk might be explained by breast-feeding. Methods. Through a nationwide media campaign, we identified 187 women who had developed RA within 12 months of a pregnancy, and we compared their breast-feeding histories with those of 149 similarly aged women chosen from the patient registers of a nationwide group of general practitioners.Results. In all, 88 of the women with RA developed the disease after their first pregnancy. Eighty-one percent of these 88 women had breast-fed. This was higher than the breast-feeding prevalence of 50% in the 129 controls whose first pregnancy had resulted in a live birth (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.4, 95% confidence interval 2.5-11.4). There was a smaller increased risk of breast-feeding after a second pregnancy in the RA cases (OR 2.0) and no increase after a third pregnancy (OR 0.6). The increase in risk was greatest in those cases whose disease was erosive and who were rheumatoid factor positive.Conclusion. In a small group of susceptible women, exposure to breast-feeding after the first pregnancy is associated with a significant increase in risk for RA development. We postulate that this may reflect hormonal influences, specifically the high level of the proinflammatory hormone prolactin.Premenopausal women are approximately 3 times more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than are men (l), and thus much effort in understand-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast‐feeding and the onset of rheumatoid arthritis

Brennan

Silman

1994

Arthritis & Rheumatism

137

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“…In the vicinity of CYP21, there is a pseudogene for CYP21 known as CYP21P (51) as well as two genes for complement C4. The gene order is CYP'21 (acfive)-C4B-CYP21P(pseudogene)-C4A, arranged from centromere towards telomere (47). The 3' untranslated region of CYP21P also contains a sequence which is complementary to the 3' portion of a truncated TN-X gene referred to as XA (23).…”

Section: Cloning Of a Mouse Tn-x Cdnamentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of tenascin-X is distinct and often reciprocal to that of tenascin-C.

Matsumoto

Saga

Ikemura

et al. 1994

The Journal of Cell Biology

160

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Abstract. We have isolated a cDNA encoding mouse tenascin-X (TN-X), a new member of the family of tenascin genes. The TN-X gene lies in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class HI region, as it is the case for its human counterpart. On Northern blots we detected a TN-X mRNA of "013 kb in most tissues analyzed, whereas in various mouse cell lines mRNAs of "011 and 13 kb were detected, suggesting the possibility of alternative splicing of TN-X transcripts. We raised antibodies against mouse TN-X

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“…The C4 protein is encoded by two genetic loci, C4A and C4B, located between HLA-B and HLA-D in the major histocompatibility complex on the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21.3) (Carroll et al, 1984;Dunham et al, 1987;Spence et al, 1989). The two genes are arranged in tandem that are about 10 kb apart from each other and approximately 30 kb apart from the C2 and BF genes (Carroll et al, 1984) and less than 2 kb apart from the 21-OH genes (Carroll et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%