Report on the Electrolytic Industries for the Year 1999

Weidner, John W.; Doyle, Marc

doi:10.1149/1.1394003

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…By 1964, DuPont recognized that Nafion 1 had properties that were very desirable as a membrane separator in chloralkali cells used for production of chlorine and caustic soda [9,10]. However, in the 1960s the chloralkali industry was not ready for this development-the cost of energy was low and there were no environmental concerns such as later developed on mercury emissions in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nafion® perfluorinated membranes in fuel cells

Banerjee

Curtin

2004

Journal of Fluorine Chemistry

207

123

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary applications were in space and military markets. In the meantime, the acceptance of polymeric membranes as separators in chloralkali cells grew because of environmental issues (mercury poisoning in Japan), rising cost of energy and several key advances in Nafion 1 membrane-based technology for chloralkali applications [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion® perfluorinated membranes in fuel cells

Banerjee

Curtin

2004

Journal of Fluorine Chemistry

207

123

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“…Hydrogen is also the main byproduct of the chlor-alkali industry. In 1999, the world chlorine use was estimated as 42.8 million tonnes [3], resulting in co-production of 1.2 million tonnes of hydrogen [4]. In principle, this corresponds to ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 1 The standard Gibbs free energy change values, at 25 °C, for the reactions ZnSO 4 + H 2 O = Zn + 1 /2O 2 + H 2 SO 4 and ZnSO 4 + H 2 = Zn + H 2 SO 4 are, respectively, DG∞ = 384.159 kJ/x (E∞ = 1.99 V) and DG∞ = 147.018 kJ/x (E∞ = 0.76 V). million tonnes per annum of zinc that could be produced at a current efficiency of 0.9 with hydrogen diffusion anodes; zinc production in 1999 was 7.7 million tonnes [3,5]. For example, a zinc plant producing 10 5 tonnes per annum would require 4¥10 7 Nm 3 hydrogen (see below).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Electrowinning With Gas Diffusion Anodes: State of the Art and Future Developments

Bestetti¹,

Ducati²,

Kelsall³

et al. 2001

Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly

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Hydrogen gas diffusion anodes (HGDA) have been considered previously as alternatives to oxygen-evolving lead alloy anodes in metal electrowinning. Despite their higher capital costs, the substantial decrease in electrowinning production costs potentially offered by HGDAs is causing renewed interest in their industrial use. This paper reviews the more recent applications of hydrogen gas diffusion anodes in industrial electrowinning. Using data from the literature, a simplified economical assessment is presented for a zinc electrowinning tank house implementing hydrogen gas diffusion anodes; optimum operating current densities of about 3 kA m -2 are predicted.Résumé -Des anodes de diffusion de gaz hydrogène (ADGH) ont été considérées antérieurement comme remplacement des anodes d'alliage au plomb produisant de l'oxygène pour l'extraction électrolytique du métal. En dépit de leur coût plus élevé en capital, la diminution substantielle des coûts de production par extraction électrolytique offerte potentiellement par les ADGHs suscite un intérêt renouvelé pour leur utilisation industrielle. Cet article révise les applications les plus récentes d'anodes à diffusion de gaz hydrogène dans l'extraction électrolytique industrielle. En utilisant les données de la littérature, on présente une évaluation économique simplifiée d'un ensemble de cellules d'extraction électrolytique de zinc ayant mis en application les anodes à diffusion de gaz hydrogène; on prédit des densités de courant d'opération optimum d'environ 3 kA m -2 .

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Perfluorinated membranes

Doyle

Rajendran

2010

Handbook of Fuel Cells

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Perfluorinated ionomer membranes have been the topic of a tremendous amount of research for over three decades due to their use as the predominant membrane system for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. Their excellent physical properties, including high proton conductivity, oxidative and reductive stability, and mechanical properties, have enabled the PEMFC to reach the levels of performance achieved to date. However, the demands on the fuel cell system are increasing as new applications loom with their needs for lower cost, higher performance, and flexibility to accommodate new fuels. System demands are pushing operating temperatures higher, causing the water balance and humidification of the perfluorinated ionomer membrane to become important issues. This section reviews the status of research and development activities around the Nafion ® perfluorinated ionomer membrane and Nafion ® solutions. The focus of the review is on the measurement of physical property data and new insights into the mechanisms of conduction in these systems. An attempt is made to summarize recent structural studies and characterization techniques that are bringing new insights into the conduction process, as well as recent efforts in mathematical modeling and computer simulations of the conduction process. Finally, membrane‐related issues that arise in the direct methanol PEMFC are reviewed and data on methanol transport in Nafion ® membranes are summarized.

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Report on the Electrolytic Industries for the Year 1999

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Nafion® perfluorinated membranes in fuel cells

Nafion® perfluorinated membranes in fuel cells

Zinc Electrowinning With Gas Diffusion Anodes: State of the Art and Future Developments

Perfluorinated membranes

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