Reported Adverse Health Effects in Children from Ingestion of Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers — United States, 2011–2014

Santos, Cynthia; Kieszak, Stephanie; Wang, Alice; Law, Royal; Schier, Joshua G.; Wolkin, Amy

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6608a5

Cited by 48 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hand sanitizer results toxicity that leads to fatal, attributed by accidental ingestion (Santos et al, 2017) absorption through dermal contact (Leeper et al, 2000) and suicidal ingestion (Zaman et al, 2002).…”

Section: Hazardous Impact Of Hand Sanitizers On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Young children have declined liver glycogen stores, which increase their susceptibility to develop hypoglycemia and numerous pharmokinetic factors which make them more prone to alcohol poisoning. Recent reports have recognized serious concerns, including apnea, acidosis, and coma in young children who ingested alcohol-based (alcohol) hand sanitizer (Santos et al, 2017).…”

Section: Risk Factor For Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

COVID-19 and frequent use of hand sanitizers; human health and environmental hazards by exposure pathways

Mahmood

Eqan

Pervez

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

244

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Hazardous Impact Of Hand Sanitizers On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factor For Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and frequent use of hand sanitizers; human health and environmental hazards by exposure pathways

Mahmood

Eqan

Pervez

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

244

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As clearly stated on its product labelling, hand rub should never be swallowed. However, unintentional ingestion by young children is common [ 27 ]. In older children, adolescents and adults, hand rub is increasingly used as alcohol (ethanol) substitute rather than for self-harm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In older children, adolescents and adults, hand rub is increasingly used as alcohol (ethanol) substitute rather than for self-harm. [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. In fact, consumption of surrogate alcohols (non-beverage alcohols and illegally produced alcohols) is a major public health problem in many parts of the world [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol as an Unlisted Ingredient in Supposedly Alcohol-Based Hand Rub Can Pose Serious Health Risk

Chan

2018

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alcohol-based hand rub (hand sanitizer) is heavily used in the community and the healthcare setting to maintain hand hygiene. Methanol must never be used in such a product because oral, pulmonary and/or skin exposures can result in severe systemic toxicity and even deaths. However, sporadic cases of acute poisoning indicate that alcohol-based hand rub with undeclared methanol may be found in the market from time to time. The unexpected presence of methanol poses a serious threat to public health. Unintentional ingestion by young children and inadvertent consumption by older subjects as alcohol (ethanol) substitute can occur. Methanol is more lethal and poisoning often requires antidotal therapy, in addition to supporting therapy and critical care. However, specific therapy may be delayed because the exposure to methanol is initially not suspected. When repeatedly used as a hand rub, skin absorption resulting in chronic toxicity (e.g., visual disturbances) occurs, particularly if methanol induced desquamation and dermatitis are present. Nationwide surveillance systems, regional/international toxicovigilance networks and situational awareness among the healthcare professionals should facilitate the early detection, management and prevention of such poisoning incidents of public health significance.

show abstract

“…ABHS products may also be accidentally ingested by children [55]. In the US between 2011 and 2014 more than sixty-five thousand unintentional ABHS exposures in children less than or equal to 12 years were reported, the majority of which were by ingestion [56].…”

Section: Abhs Ingestion (Accidental and Intentional)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers – A Multidimensional Perspective

Nyamwweya¹,

Abuga²

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The global use of alcohol based hand sanitizers (ABHS) as a means of controlling the transmission of infectious disease increased dramatically in 2020 as governments and public health agencies across the world advocated hand hygiene as a preventative measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the performance of these products is most commonly defined as a function of their alcohol concentration, they are multifaceted products in which an interplay of several factors is important in determining efficacy. The hand sanitizer tetrahedron, is a novel concept that considers both ABHS formulation factors and product performance factors from a multi-dimensional perspective. The four faces of the tetrahedron represent input/formulation factors: 1) the type and amount of alcohol, 2) inactive ingredients, 3) the type of formulation/delivery system and 4) manufacturing practices. The four corners of the tetrahedron represent output/product performance factors: 1) efficacy, 2) sensory characteristics, 3) usage, usability and compliance and 4) product safety/adverse effects. All factors are of importance to ensuring the effectiveness and utility of these products.

show abstract

Reported Adverse Health Effects in Children from Ingestion of Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers — United States, 2011–2014

Cited by 48 publications

References 9 publications

COVID-19 and frequent use of hand sanitizers; human health and environmental hazards by exposure pathways

COVID-19 and frequent use of hand sanitizers; human health and environmental hazards by exposure pathways

Methanol as an Unlisted Ingredient in Supposedly Alcohol-Based Hand Rub Can Pose Serious Health Risk

Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers – A Multidimensional Perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About