“…From a media perspective, most studies use critical discourse analysis and transitivity analysis to discuss political, social, and cultural issues in newspapers (Fitriani et al, 2021;Tang, 2021), websites (Chałupnik & Brookes, 2021), magazines (Radzi et al, 2021), and textbooks (Gu, 2021), but little is known about testaments of female terrorists. In fact, testaments do not only provide certain messages such as religious messages and messages of property inheritance, but also contain elements of ideology, hegemony, or social inequality as found in newspapers, websites, magazines, and textbooks (Roose & Cook, 2022;Shi & Fan, 2019).…”